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TFN > Grand Theories > Flashcards

Grand Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Concepts and propositions that are less broad and abstract than a conceptual model but not as specific and concrete as middle-range theory.

A

Grand or Macro Theory

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2
Q

What is the theory of Margaret Newman?

A

Theory of Health as an Expanding Consciousness

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3
Q

A joint director of nursing of a clinical research center at the University of Tennessee in Memphis

A

Margaret Newman

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4
Q

Began working as a nurse theorist at the University of Minnesota

A

Margaret Newman

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5
Q

What year did Margaret Newman retired from teaching?

A

1996

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6
Q

What award did she received from New York University?

A

Distinguished Scholar in Nursing Award

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7
Q

was stimulated by concern for those for whom health as the absence of disease or disability is not possible.

A

Theory of Health as an Expanding Consciousness

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8
Q

A process of becoming more of oneself, of finding greater meaning in life, and of reaching new dimensions of connectedness with other people and the world.

A

Theory of Health as an Expanding Consciousness

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9
Q

Margaret Newman’s theory arose from?

A

Roger’s Theory of Unitary Human Beings

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10
Q

encompasses conditions described as illness, or, in medical terms, pathology.

A

Health

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11
Q

caring in the human health experience.

A

Nursing (Newman)

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12
Q

recognizing the individual in relation to the environment, and it is a process of the understanding of consciousness.

A

Nursing (Newman)

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13
Q

are centers of consciousness with an overall pattern of expanding consciousness.

A

Person (Newman)

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14
Q

In Newman’s Theory the environment is described as?

A

universe of open systems

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15
Q

The theory explains that health and illness are synthesized as

A

health (Newman)

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16
Q

is beneficial because it can be applied in any setting and “generates caring interventions.

A

Newman’s Health as Expanding Consciousness Theory

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17
Q

What is the theory of Rosemarie Rizzo Parse?

A

Theory of Human Becoming

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18
Q

Founder and current editor of Nursing Science Quarterly

A

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

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19
Q

An active Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing.

A

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

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20
Q

How many books did Parse published? articles?

A

9 books
more than 100 articles

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21
Q

Guides nurses to focus on quality of life from each person’s own perspective as the goal of nursing.

A

Theory of Human becoming

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22
Q

It presents an alternative to most of the other theories of nursing, which take a bio-medical or bio- psycho-social-spiritual approach.

A

Human Becoming Theory

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23
Q

The Human Becoming Theory is a combination of?

A

biological, psychological, sociological, spiritual factors

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24
Q

What are the three themes of Hman Becoming theory?

A

meaning
rythmicity
transcendence

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25
Q

Human Becoming is choosing personal meaning in situations, and that a person’s reality is given meaning through experiences he or she lives in the environment.

A

meaning

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26
Q

Human Becoming is cocreating rhythmical patterns of relating with the universe, and that a person and the environment cocreate in rhythmical patterns.

A

rhythmicity

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27
Q

Human Becoming refers to reaching beyond the limits a person sets, and that a person is constantly transforming him or herself.

A

Transcendence

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28
Q

is described as a human science and art that uses an abstract body of knowledge to help people.

A

Nursing (Parse)

29
Q

an open being who is more than and different from the sum of the parts.

A

Person or man (Parse)

30
Q

is inseparable from the person, as well as complementary to and evolving with the person.

A

Environment (Parse)

31
Q

is the open process of being and becoming, and involves the synthesis of values.

A

health (Parse)

32
Q

The model differentiates nursing from other disciplines, it provides guidance of care and useful administration, and is useful in education.

A

Theory of Human Becoming

33
Q

The theory does not utilize the nursing process, and negates the idea that each patient engages in a unique lived experience.

A

Theory of Human Becoming

34
Q

The Human Becoming model also provides research methodologies, and provides a framework to guide inquiry of other theories. However, the research is considered a ?

A

closed circle

35
Q

It is not accessible to new nurses, and is inapplicable to acute, emergent care.

A

Theory of Human Becoming

36
Q

What is the theory of Madeleine Leininger?

A

Culture Care Theory of Diversity and Universality

37
Q

a federally-funded program to increase the number of nurses trained to meet anticipated needs during World War II.

A

Cadet Nurse Corps

38
Q

opened a psychiatric nursing service and educational program at Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska.

A

Madeleine Leininger

39
Q

Working in a child guidance home during the 1950s

A

Leininger

40
Q

She was the first in the 1960s to coin the concept of “culturally congruent care,” which was the goal of the Theory of Culture Care, and today the concept is being used globally.

A

Leininger

41
Q

Considered to be the Margaret Mead of nursing

A

Leininger

42
Q

Who is the founder of transcultural nursing?

A

Madeleine Leininger

43
Q

In what year did Leininger created the transcultural nursing program?

A

1974

44
Q

This theory attempts to provide
culturally congruent nursing care
through
“cognitively based assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling acts or decisions that are mostly tailor-made to fit with the individual, group’s, or institution’s cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways.”

A

Culture Care Theory of Diversity and Universality

45
Q

The Transcultural Nursing Theory or Culture Care Theory involves knowing and understanding different cultures concerning?

A

nursing and health-illness caring practices
beliefs
values

46
Q

is defined as a learned subfield or branch of nursing that focuses upon the comparative study and analysis of cultures concerning nursing and health-illness caring practices, beliefs, and values to provide meaningful and efficacious nursing care services to their cultural values and health-illness context.

A

Transcultural Nursing

47
Q

This is the study of nursing care beliefs, values, and practices as cognitively perceived and known by a designated culture through their direct experience, beliefs, and value system

A

Ethnonursing

48
Q

is defined as formal and cognitively learned professional care knowledge
and practice skills obtained through educational institutions that are used to provide assistive, supportive, enabling, or facilitative acts to or for another individual or group to improve a human health condition

A

Professional nursing care

49
Q

is defined as those cognitively based assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling acts or decisions that are tailor-made to fit with the individual, group, or institutional, cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways to provide or support meaningful, beneficial, and satisfying health care, or well-being services.

A

Cultural Congruent Nursing care

50
Q

is defined as a learned humanistic and scientific profession and discipline which is focused on human care phenomena and activities to assist, support, facilitate, or enable individuals or groups to maintain or regain their well-being (or health) in culturally meaningful and beneficial ways, or to help people face handicaps or death.

A

Nursing (Leininger)

51
Q

It is a state of well-being that is culturally defined, valued, and practiced. It reflects individuals’ (or groups) ‘ ability to perform their daily role activities in culturally expressed, beneficial, and patterned lifeways.

A

Health (Leininger)

52
Q

Such are believed to be caring and capable of being concerned about others’ needs, well-being, and survival.

A

Human Beings

53
Q

Environmental context is the totality of an event, situation, or particular experience that gives meaning to human expressions, interpretations, and social interactions in particular physical, ecological, sociopolitical, and/or cultural settings.

A

Society and Environment

54
Q

is learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms, and lifeways of a particular group that guides their thinking, decisions, and actions in patterned ways.

A

Culture

55
Q

is defined as the subjectively and objectively learned and transmitted values, beliefs, and patterned lifeways that assist, support, facilitate, or enable another individual or group to maintain their well-being, health, improve their human condition lifeway, or deal with illness, handicaps or death.

A

culture care

56
Q

indicates the variabilities and/ or differences in meanings, patterns, values, lifeways, or symbols of care within or between collectives related to assistive, supportive, or enabling human care expressions.

A

culture care diversity

57
Q

indicates the common, similar, or dominant uniform care meanings, patterns, values, lifeways, or symbols manifest among many cultures and reflect assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling
ways to help people.

A

culture care universality

58
Q

are culturally learned and transmitted, indigenous (or traditional), folk (home- based) knowledge and skills used to provide assistive, supportive, enabling, or facilitative acts toward or for another individual, group, or institution with evident or anticipated needs to ameliorate or improve a human life way, health condition

A

Generic (folk or lay) care systems

59
Q

Knowledge gained from direct experience or directly from those who have experienced it.

A

Emic

60
Q

The knowledge that describes the professional perspective.

A

Etic

61
Q

are defined as formally taught, learned, and transmitted professional care, health, illness, wellness, and related knowledge and practice skills that prevail in professional institutions, usually with multidisciplinary personnel to serve consumers.

A

Professional care system

62
Q

includes those past facts, events, instances, experiences of
individuals, groups, cultures, and instructions that are primarily people-centered (ethno) and describe, explain, and interpret human lifeways within particular cultural contexts over short or long periods of time.

A

Ethnohistory

63
Q

is defined as those abstract and concrete phenomena related to assisting, supporting, or enabling experiences or behaviors toward or for others with evident or anticipated needs to ameliorate or improve a human condition or lifeway.

A

Care as a noun

64
Q

is defined as actions and activities directed toward assisting, supporting, or enabling another individual or group with evident or anticipated needs to ameliorate or improve a human condition or lifeway or face death.

A

care as a verb

65
Q

may result when an outsider attempts to comprehend or adapt effectively to a different cultural group.

A

Culture shock

66
Q

refers to the outsider’s efforts, both subtle and not so subtle, to impose their own cultural values, beliefs, behaviors upon an individual, family, or group from
another culture.

A

cultural imposition

67
Q

What model was constructed by Madeleine Leininger?

A

The Sunrise Model

68
Q

What are the 5 ways to improve cultural competence in Nursing care?

A
  1. Perform a cultural competence self-assessment
  2. Obtain a certificate in cultural competence.
  3. Improve communication and language barriers.
  4. Directly engage in cross-cultural interactions with patients.
  5. Participate in online chats and networks.

TFN (7 decks)

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