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Intro to Botany > Fruit Formation and classification > Flashcards

Fruit Formation and classification Flashcards

1
Q

what is a fruit

A

the structure that forms from the ovary after maturation

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2
Q

function of fruit

A

seed dispersal and protection

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3
Q

simple fruit

A

matures from one pistil

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4
Q

ex of simple fruit

A

tomato, cuke

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5
Q

aggregate fruits

A

matures from more than one pistil on one flower

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6
Q

ex of aggregate fruit

A

raspberry

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7
Q

multiple composition fruit

A

matures from more than one pistil on an inflorescence

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8
Q

ex of multiple composition fruit

A

corn, pineapple

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9
Q

How do we categorize fruit structure

A

dry and fleshy

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10
Q

pericarp

A

fruit wall

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11
Q

where is the pericarp developed from

A

the ovary wall

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12
Q

exocarp

A

outside of pericarp

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13
Q

mesocarp

A

midof pericarp

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14
Q

endocarp

A

inside of pericarp

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15
Q

pericarp of dry fruits

A

hard, dry, minimally developed

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16
Q

what do dry fruits focus on for dispersal

A

protection over animal dispersion

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17
Q

2 types of dry fruits

A

degiscent and indehiscent

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18
Q

dehiscent

A

pericarp splits open at maturity to facilitate seed dispersal

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19
Q

ex of dehiscent fruit

A

peas - split open at maturity

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20
Q

indehiscent

A

pericarp x split open at maturity

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21
Q

ex of indehiscent fruit

A

sunflower, acorn

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22
Q

fleshy fruit

A

pericarp has succulent hydrated tissues

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23
Q

What mode of dispersion does fleshy fruit rely on

A

animal dispersion

24
Q

5 types of fleshy fruits

A

berries
hesperidium
pepo
drupes
pomes

25
Q

berries

A

simple fleshy fruit produced from one pistil

26
Q

ex of berry

A

blueberry, pepper, tomato

27
Q

hesperidium

A

modified berry with lethery pericarp

28
Q

ex of hesperidium

A

citrus frutis
lime, orange, lemon

29
Q

pepo

A

modified berry with hard rind

30
Q

ex of pepo

A

melons, cukeumbers

31
Q

Drupes

A

simple fleshy fruit with very hard stone pit

32
Q

ex of drupes

A

stone fruits
Peach, plum, cherry

33
Q

pommes

A

pericarp surrounded by large fleshy receptacle. but can eat recepticle

34
Q

ex of pommes

A

apple, pears

35
Q

2 types of indehiscent dry fruits

A

achene
grain
samara
nut

36
Q

achene

A

seed attached to pericarp at one spot

37
Q

ex of achene fruits

A

sunflower, strawberry

38
Q

how is a strawberry achene

A

sweet part is a very large recepticle
seeds are schenes

39
Q

grain

A

seed coat entirely fused to the pericarp during maturation

40
Q

botannica term for grain

A

caryopsis

41
Q

ex of grain

A

rice

42
Q

samara

A

has winged pericarp

43
Q

ex of samara

A

helicopters, most trees have this

44
Q

what are the wings an extension of on samara

A

pericarp

45
Q

nut

A

starts out with several carpels and ovules in the ovary

all but one dies during development

whole pericarp is hard at maturity

46
Q

what type of cells do nuts have in their pericarp

A

sclerid

47
Q

ex of nut

A

hazelnut

48
Q

4 types of dry dehiscent fruits

A

legume
follicle
capsule
silique

49
Q

legume

A

friut breaks open on both sides

50
Q

ex of legume

A

peanuts, peas, beans

51
Q

follicle

A

fruit breaks open along one side

52
Q

ex of follicle

A

milkweed

53
Q

capsule

A

comes from compound ovary

splits open at top and down along sides

54
Q

ex of capsule

A

cotton, lillies

55
Q

silique

A

compound sovary splits open along two sides

seeds exposed when two halves seperate

56
Q

ex of silique

A

brassicaceae family
brocilli, kale, cabbage

Intro to Botany (27 decks)

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