Energy Metabolism

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Use of light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbs for food and building material. (6CO2+12H2O+light -> C6H1206+6CO2+6H20)
- photophosphorylation and CBB

Question 2

Where does photophosphorylation occur?

Answer 2

Thylakoid membrane
- eukaryotes: chloroplasts
- prokaryotes: cytoplasm

Question 3

What are the reactants of photophosphorylation?

Answer 3

Main: Light energy
-Light energy + water

Question 4

What are the products of photophosphorylation?

Answer 4

Main: ATP and NADPH
-Oxygen (by-product)

Question 5

Where does the CBB cycle occur?

Answer 5

Eukaryotes: chloroplasts
Prokaryotes: cytoplasm

Question 6

What are the reactants of the CBB cycle?

Answer 6

Main: ATP and NADPH
- RuBP; CO2

Question 7

What are the products of the CBB cycle?

Answer 7

Main: Carbs
- RuBP; H2O

Question 8

C6 H12 O6

Answer 8

Monosaccharide

Question 9

Cellular/Aerobic respiration

Answer 9

Using oxygen for the complete and controlled breakdown of food molecules for conversion into ATP (C6H12O6+6O2-> 6CO2+ 6H2O+ ATP+Thermal energy)
-Glycolysis; Kreb’s prestep; Kreb’s cycle; Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

Where does Glycolysis occur?

Answer 10

Cytoplasm (all cells)

Question 11

What are the reactants of Glycolysis?

Answer 11

Main: Glucose
- 2ATP

Question 12

What are the products of Glycolysis?

Answer 12

Main: Pyruvate
- 2NADH; 2H+; 2ATP; 2H2O

Question 13

Where does Kreb’s perstep occur?

Answer 13

Eukaryotes: Matrix (inner membrane) of the mitochondria
Prokaryotes: Cytoplasm

Question 14

What are the reactants of Kreb’s prestep?

Answer 14

Main: Pyruvate
- Coenzyme A (CoA)

Question 15

What are the products of Kreb’s prestep?

Answer 15

Main: Acetyl-CoA
- NADH; CO2

Question 16

Where does Kreb’s cycle occur?

Answer 16

Eukaryotes: Matrix of the mitochondria
Prokaryotes: Cytoplasm

Question 17

What are the reactants of Kreb’s cycle?

Answer 17

Main: Acetyl-CoA
- 3H2O; oxaloacetate

Question 18

What are the products of Kreb’s cycle?

Answer 18

Main: CO2
- oxaloacetate; CoA; ATP; NADH; 3H+; FADH2

Question 19

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

Answer 19

Eukaryotes: Inner membrane of the mitochondria
Prokaryotes: Respiratory membrane in cytoplasm

Question 20

What are the reactants of oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 20

Main: O2
- NADH; FADH2

Question 21

What are the products of oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 21

Main: ATP
-H2O

Question 22

How many ATP molecules are produced during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 22

> 30

Question 23

Fermentation/ Anaerobic respiration

Answer 23

An incomplete breakdown of food into ATP. Inefficient, but necessary when no oxygen is present.

Question 24

Lactic acid fermentation

Answer 24

Glucose-> 2 lactate+2ATP+2H2O

Question 25

Alcohol fermentation

Answer 25

Glucose-> 2 ethanol+2ATP+2H2O

Question 26

How many ATP molecules does fermentation produce?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

Pigments

Answer 27

Absorbs photons of visible light
-Chlorophyll (green) and carotenoids (reds, oranges, and yellows)

Question 28

What are the most important colors of light for photosynthesis?

Answer 28

Red and blue

Question 29

What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

Answer 29

endergonic (absorbs energy)

Question 30

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Answer 30

The ‘wire’ that transports electrons through the membrane

Question 31

Why is water important for photosynthesis?

Answer 31

Donates electrons for ETC; releases H+ (used to create a concentration gradient when some are used for NADPH and ATP through transporter proteins)

Question 32

Chemosynthesis

Answer 32

a process carried out by prokaryotes when there is no sunlight. It is the synthesis of carbs from carbon dioxide using energy in the bonds of inorganic molecules.
- Ex. 6CO2+H2O+3H2S->C6H12O6+3H2SO