Lecture 25: Upper Limb Compartments

Question 1

What do the muscles in the anterior and posterior group of the axial skeleton to the pectoral girdle originate from and insert onto?

Answer 1

Originate from the axial skeleton and insert onto the scapula

Question 2

What is the function of the anterior muscles in the axial to pectoral girdle?

Answer 2

To protract the scapula and shoulders

Question 3

What is the function of the posterior muscles in the axial to pectoral girdle?

Answer 3

To pull the scapula backwards (retracting the shoulders)

Question 4

What is the function of the muscles connecting the axial skeleton to the arm

Answer 4

• Moves the humerus

Question 5

What muscles are in the anterior compartment connecting the axial skeleton to the arm. What is their origin and insertion and function?

Answer 5

• Pectoralis major
• Originates from the axial skeleton
• Inserts on lateral side of the midline of the proximal humerous
• Functions in adduction
• Medially rotates the arm and shoulder
• Helps flex the arm and shoulder

Question 6

What muscle is in the posterior compartment connecting the axial skeleton to the arm. What is their origin and insertion and function?

Answer 6

• Porsticimus dorci
• Originates from axial skeleton
• Inserts on the midline of the groove on anterior side of humerus
• Extends the arm and shoulder joint when contracted
• Medially rotates the arm
• Helps the pectoralis in adducting

Question 7

What muscle connects the pectoral girdle to the humerus

Answer 7

The deltoid

Question 8

What is the function of the deltoid

Answer 8

Anterior part assists with flexing the arm and shoulder
Medially rotates arm
Posterior fibres help with lateral rotation and flexion
Anterior fibres help with flexing
PRImary function if abducting

Question 9

Where does the deltoid originate and insert upon

Answer 9

Originates from the clavicle - in 3 different spots
Inserts onto lateral side of humerus about halfway down

Question 10

What muscle is in the anterior compartment of the muscles of the arm?

Answer 10

The biceps brachii

Question 11

What muscle is in the posterior compartment of the muscles of the arm?

Answer 11

The triceps brachii

Question 12

What compartment of the forearm flexes the forearm

Answer 12

The anterior compartment

Question 13

What compartment of the forearm extenses the forearm?

Answer 13

The posterior compartment

Question 14

Describe the structure and origin and insertion of the biceps brachii

Answer 14

• Has two heads, long and short head
• The long head originates from scapula
• Short head originates from corocoid process
• Inserts onto the anterior middle surface of the proximal radius

Question 15

Describe the structure, origination, and function of the triceps brachii

Answer 15

• 3 heads
• Long head originates from scapula
• Lateral head originates from the proximal portion of the humerus
• Medial head originates from posterior surface of humerus
• Fuse together to form triceps
• ## Extends the forearm when contracts

Question 16

What is the anterior compartment of the muscle of the forearm responsible for?

Answer 16

Flexing

Question 17

What is the posterior compartment of the muscle of the forearm responsible for?

Answer 17

Extending

Question 18

How many muscles are in the posterior compartment in the forearm. Where do they originate from? Where do they insert onto? What is their function?

Answer 18

6 extensor muscles
- originates from the lateral epichondial
- Inserts on the meticarples an phalanges
- Extends hand at wrist and extends fingers

Question 19

Sources of nerves for all the upper limb compartments are innervated by what?

Answer 19

The brachial plexus

Question 20

How many terminal branches does the brachial plexus have? What are they?

Answer 20

5. • Median nerve
   • Ulnar nerve
   • Radial nerve
   • Axillary nerve
   • Musculocuaneous

Question 21

What nerve innervated the deltoid?

Answer 21

The axillary nerve

Question 22

What nerve innervates the biceps brachii

Answer 22

The musculocaneous nerve

Question 23

What nerve innervates the triceps?

Answer 23

The radial nerve

Question 24

What nerves innervate the anterior of the forearm?

Answer 24

The median nerve and the ulnar nerve

Question 25

What nerves innervates the posterior forearm?

Answer 25

The radial nerve

Question 26

The axillary artery changes into what artery?

Answer 26

The brachial artery

Question 27

The brachial artery divides into what arteries?

Answer 27

The radial and ulnar artery

Question 28

The ulnar arteries supplies blood to what portion of the body?

Answer 28

The medial and central portion of the forearm

Question 29

The radial artery supplies blood to what portion of the body?

Answer 29

The lateral portion of the forearm