1.2.4 - Types of Programming Language Flashcards
What does a class do?(3)
Classes can be encapsulated(1).Make attributes private.(1) Provide public acess methods.(1)
What is inheritence?(3)
When a class takes on the methods (1) and attributes (1) of a parent class(1)
What is meant by an assembler?(2)
A program that translates assembly code(1) into machine code (1)
What is meant by a class?(2)
A template (1) defining methods and attributes (1)
What is a high-level language? (1)
A programming language that is close to “normal” english making it easy to understand and read - eg. Python
What is a low-level language? (1)
A programming language that is close to binary making it harder to understand and read - eg. Assembly code
Give 3 advantages of assembly language. (3)
It has the same efficiency of execution (due to its one-to-one nature). (1) It produces very precise and optimised/efficient code. (1) It provides direct access to system-level features without having to go through a software interface (improving the speed). (1)
Give 3 disadvantages of assembly language. (3)
It is machine-dependant and very hard to port. (1) The code is very hard to write / is very prone to bugs. (1) The code is very hard to understand (making it hard to modify and maintain). (1)
What is object-oriented programming? (2)
OOP involve solutions being constructed by means of objects that interact with each other. (1) OOP uses classes as templates to construct objects. (1)
What is procedural programming? (2)
Procedural programming breaks a solutiondown into subroutines. (1) These subroutinesare re-built and combined to form a program. (1)
What is the program structure of procedural programming? (1)
It uses procedures and functions.
What is the program structure of object-oriented programming? (1)
It uses classes and methods.
What are the fundamental programming constructs of procedural programming? (3)
It uses: sequencing (1) branching (1) and iteration (1)
What do the assembly mneumonics: ADD & SUB mean? (2)
ADD = add. (1) SUB = subtract. (1)
What do the assembly mneumonics: STA & LDA mean? (2)
STA = store. (1) LDA = load. (1)
What do the assembly mneumonics: INP & OUT mean? (2)
INP = input. (1) OUT = output. (1)
What do the assembly mneumonics: HLT & DAT mean? (2)
HLT = end program. (1) DAT = data location. (1)
What do the assembly mneumonics: BRA & BRZ & BRP mean? (2)
BRA = branch always. (1) BRZ = branch if zero. (1) BRP = branch if positive (or zero). (1)
What is instantiation? (2)
The process of creating an object (1) from a class template (1)
What is polymorphism? (1)
Polymorphism is a programming languages ability to process objects differently based on their class
What is encapsulation? (2)
The process of keeping an object’s attributes private (1) so they can only be accessed and changed via public methods. (1)
Describe the advantages of using encapsulation. (3)
It reduces the chance of errors/inconsistences. (1) It ensures objects can only be changed in the way intended. (1) It protects data/data can’t be accidentally changed. (1)
What are the 4 types of addressing? (4)
Immediate addressing. (1) Direct addressing. (1) Indirect addressing. (1) Index addressing. (1)
What is immediate addressing? (1)
The operand is the value to be used.
