types of authority, political organizations, social actions

Question 1

What is authority

Answer 1

• The right to command.
• When an individual has a command to make a person do things.

Question 2

authority vs power

Answer 2

authority (voluntary) power (by force)

Question 3

Value whereby something or someone is recognized and accepted as right and proper

Answer 3

legitimacy

Question 4

types of authority and leadership style

Answer 4

Traditional (historical personality)
Charismatic (Dynamic personality extraordinary qualities that demand obedience)
Rational-Legal (based on law/democratic)

Question 5

• Is legitimated by the sanctity of tradition.
• The ability and right to rule is passed down, often through heredity.

Answer 5

traditional authority

Question 6

examples of traditional authority

Answer 6

monarchy, feudalism

Japan’s emperor: Hironomiya Naruhito

United Kingdom’s king: King Charles III

Question 7

Found in a leader whose mission and vision is to inspire others.

• Associated with charismatic leaders whose authority comes from the followers’ belief in the leaders’ special personal qualities.

Answer 7

charismatic leadership

Question 8

examples of charismatic leadership

Answer 8

religious leaders, cult leaders, benevolent leaders

Question 9

• Found in a leadership that is goal-oriented for the benefit of society.
• Empowered by a formalistic belief in the content of the law (legal) or natural law (rationality).
• Form of authority in the modern state.

Answer 9

rational legal authority

Question 10

examples of rational legal authority

Answer 10

duly elected government officials, bureaucrats, private corporations

Question 11

• Is usually small formed by several families living together.
• Without a well-defined system of leadership.
• Are egalitarian (relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities).
• Has a communal way of life.
• No class differentiation based on wealth.
• Status difference is on a well-defined gender and age basis.

Answer 11

band

Question 12

As the population increases, the tendency of conflict also increases. This conflict leads to

Answer 12

“band fissioning” or band splitting

Question 13

Is more complex and larger than a band.

• Changes/shifting from a basic form of livelihood to a multiple way of living.
• Organized through pantribal associations in the form of councils, tribal leaders, elders.
• egalitarian

Answer 13

tribe

Question 14

tribes are headed by

Answer 14

village headman

Question 15

Colonization of tribes.

• A more defined political organization.
• Has more or less a permanent, full time leader.
• Formal leadership exists and authority rests solely on the members of a select family
• Power is inherited

Answer 15

chiefdom

Question 16

types of chiefdom

Answer 16

1. Simple Chiefdom
   Characterized by a single village or community ruled by a single family.
2. Complex Chiefdom
   Composed of several simple chiefdoms ruled by a single paramount chief residing in a simple paramount center.

Question 17

nation vs state

Answer 17

Nation
common history
language
traditions
customs
habits
ethnicity

State
population
territory
government
sovereignty

Question 18

Taking steps to change the things that are wrong in the society and introducing new ideas and processes for doing things better in the future

Answer 18

social action

Question 19

characteristics of social action

Answer 19

1. may be influenced by an action of the past, present, or future.
2. presupposes the existence of another individual and some action by him.
3. Necessity of subjective meaning (aware of actions and be sure that it benefits other people)
4. It is oriental in its course.

Question 20

types of social action

Answer 20

1. Traditional Action
   customary habits
2. Value Rational Action
   substantive goal which may not be rational nonetheless pursued.
3. Means Ends Rationality Action
   Both goals and means are rationally chosen.
4. Affectual Action
   determined by the emotional state
   unplanned.