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Geography > s2 term 2 > Flashcards

s2 term 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 8 planets in order of closest too the sun

A

mercury
venus
earth
mars
jupitar
saturn
uranus
neptune

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2
Q

what is our galaxy

A

the milkyway

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3
Q

how many galaxies are there

A

100 billion

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4
Q

what is the structre of the earth

A

inner core
outer core
mantle
the crust

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5
Q

what is the inner core made of

A

solid iron

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6
Q

what is the outer core made of

A

magma liquid

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7
Q

what is the crust made of

A

solid rock

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8
Q

what is the earths crust made up of

A

huge slabs of solid rock that are floating above the mantle

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9
Q

what are tectonic plates

A

huge slabs of rock

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10
Q

how are earthquakes and volcanoes made?

A

the tectonic plates are slowly moving the area where 2 plates meet make them the tectonic plates fold under each other

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11
Q

what are 2 plates moving apart called

A

constructive plates

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12
Q

why are constructive plates called that?

A

because when they move apart magma shoots up and makes new land when it solidifys

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13
Q

what are tectonic plates called that are moving towards eachother

A

destructive plate boundary

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14
Q

what are the 3 types of volcanoes

A

dormit
extinct
active

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15
Q

what is an extinct volcano

A

a volcano which have not errupted for millions of years and will never agaiin

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16
Q

what is an active volcano

A

volcanos which regularly errupt

17
Q

what is a dormant volcanoes

A

volcanos which have not errupted for many years but could still errupt at any time

18
Q

what is the most dangerous type of volcano and why

A

dormant volcanoes

they are difficult to predict and they errupt with a huge explosion because it has been building up for years also because people live close to these volcanoes

19
Q

what happenes when a dormant volcanoe errupts

A

huge explosion of ash poisones gas and steam
a big cloud covers the sky
lava bombs shoot out
lava flows from the volcanos
often melted snow can cause floods

20
Q

why do earthquakes occur

A

when two tectonic plates slide past eachother or are colliding
the plates can get stuck on each other and then suddenly jerk apart

21
Q

what are primary effects of an earthquake

A

buildings collapse
roads and railways destroyed
services hospitals and schools destroyed
people injured and killed

22
Q

what are secondary effects of an earthquake

A

millions homeless
buisness destroyed [no income]
lack of food and clean water
shortage of healthcare
disease

23
Q

what are seismic waves

A

the shock waves/vibrations which are sent out from the earthquake

24
Q

what is the focus of an earthquake

A

the point underground where two plates jerk apart seismic waves are sent from this point

25
Q

what is the epi-centre

A

the point on thresurface directly above the focus the effects of the earthquakes are most severe at this point

26
Q

why are earthquakes more deadly in poor countries

A

they have poorly made building that collapse
they have no warning system or high tech to send the warnings too
they have no emergency supplies like food and water stored
they wont have rescue teams avalible
they might not have enough money to re-build

27
Q

what is pangea

A

it was earth millions of years ago when all the continents joined together calling it pangea

28
Q

what is continentiol drift

A

its when the continents moved away from eachother

29
Q

what is the ring of fire

A

the ring of fire is a ring of volcanos around the pacific ocean

30
Q

what causes seasons

A

the earths axis is perpendicular therefore differnt parts of the globe are oriental towards the sun at differnt times a year

31
Q

how does spring happen

A

the sun is over the equator so both the north and south poles are in equadsant

Geography (7 decks)

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