Geography End Of Year Test Flashcards
Name the factors which effect the standard of living
Availability of clean water
Availablility of food
Quality Healthcare
Housing standards
Education
Developed countries have a high….?
Standard of living and successful economies
Developing countries have a low…?
Standard of living and poorer economies
What is population distribution
Where people live
Name some physical factors of population density
Climate
Soils vegetation
Ewlwif
Natural resources
Location for trade / communications
Explain the physical factor of climate and why it can can and can not be suitable for living
Temperatures
Good for farming?
Comfortable living conditions
Very dry = water shortages = farming difficulties s= no food
Explain why soils/vegetation can make or not male it. Suitable living place
Fertile soils are good for farming
Bad farming = no food
Explain why relief can make a place good or bad to live in
Flat land is better for building and farming = economic growth
Explain why natural resources is important for a suitable living place
Coal oil and gas = power , trade
Jobs and money is available
Why is location for trade important for a living space
Being near coastal spots can be gd for jobs and wealth for trade and fishing
Name some human factors that affect population density
Job opportunities
Transport links
Technology
Explain how job opportunity effects population density
People normally live where there is business and jobs to provide money and have a better standard of living
Explain why transport links have an effect on population density
Good roads and railways generally have a lot of people living there
Usually provides jobs and money or ways to get to jobs attracting more people to that area
Explain why technology effects population density
Places with advanced universities and technology generally have more people living there
More jobs and money
Enables good housing heating lighting and high quality healthcare
Name the 5 point plan
Birth rates
Babies born each year
People dying in a country each year per 1000 people
Population increase
Life expectancy
Infant mortality
What does a wide base in a population pyramid tell us
Many children due to a high birth rate
What does a narrow middle on a population pyramid tell us
Few older people due to a high death rate
Why is birth rate high in developing countries
No access to contraception
No education on family planning
Children can work
Parents rely on their kids to look after them when they get old
High infant mortality rates
Women are not educated about safe sex
Women get married young
Religious and cultures
Why is death rate high in enveloping countries
Medical - not enough doctors hospitals
Lack of knowledge about health
Lack of drugs
Many are not vaccinates
They live in isolated rural areas far from healthcare
Social- poor quality of life
Bad housing
Poo sanitation
Poor working conditions
Diet- food shortages
Unbalanced diet
Poor food hygiene
What does a narrow base on a population pyramid tell us
Few children / young adults due to low birth rate
What does a wider middle and top tell us abt a population pyramid
There are more older people,e due to low death rate
Birth rate is low because
Contraception is widely avalible
Family education
Children are expensive
Women are educated to high school level and most have careers
Women get married later in life
Large families are un common by culture
Religon is less important
Infant mortality is low
Children are not needed to look after elderly
Why is dear rate low
Medical- many doctors / nurses and hospitals
Good health education
High technology
Drugs readily available
Children are vaccinated
Social- good housing
Good sanitation
Good working conditions
Diet- plenty of food
Good food hygiene
What are the problems with a large birth rate
Not enough kids educated due to lack of schools
Shortage of maternity hospitals = high infant mortality
Shortage of vaccines
Too many adults from future - jobs Housing Food Clean water
Government will have no money
What can you do to reduce birth rates
Provide contraception
Provide education on safe sex and family planning
Improve education of women and encourage careers
Improve healthcare and infant mortality rates
Offer tax or benefits for having less children
Limit child benefit
One child policy
Ban child labour
What are the problems of a low death rate
Pensions cost more
Healthcare taken up by elderly
Sheltered housing - adapted housing for elderly
Nursing homes
What are the problems with a low birth rate
Shortage of workers in the future
Shortage of skilled workers
Less people paying taxes
Less young people
Government needed to increase taxes
Government need to raise retirement age
More migrants to do jobs
Solutions to an aging population
Reduce taxes for families
Increase child benefit
Better maternity pay for women
Raise age of retirement
Encourage retired people to work part time
Allow more migrant into the country
Encourage mums to work part time
Increase taxes for working people
How to measure development of a country
The standard of living -
Housing
clean water
food
healthcare
Education
What are Indicators of development ?
Indicators used do development are statistics which can be used to measure how developed a country is
Explain life expectancy
Average age a person will live to
Indicates that a country has good health care
Explain infant mortality
Number of babies ages 1-0 who die each year per 1000
Low infant mortality indicates good healthcare and quality of life
Explain birth rate
Number of babies born each yer per 100 people
Can tell us about healthcare and standard of education in a county
Explain literacy rates
% of people who can read and write in a country
Tells us about the education
Explain number of people per doctor
Tells us about healthcare and education
Name human factors which effect development
Industriliasation
Population growth
War
Unfair trade