TOPIC #12 DEVELOPMENT OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

Question 1

It is located outside of the peritoneal cavity in the dorsolateral body wall.

Answer 1

Urinary system

Question 2

Adult urinary system

Answer 2

kidneys (2)
ureters (2)
renal pelvis (2)
urinary bladder
urethra

Question 3

It is derived from intermediate and somatic mesoderm.

Answer 3

Urinary system

Question 4

Intermediate mesoderm and adjacent somatic mesoderm (mesothelium lining the coelom) forms…

Answer 4

urogenital ridge

Question 5

The first to appear in the formation of the embryonic urinary system.

Answer 5

Pronephros

Question 6

It is the excretory organ of some lowest fishes.

Answer 6

Pronephros

Question 7

Functional kidney for fish, amphibians and young embryos of birds and mammals.

Answer 7

Mesonephros

Question 8

Functional adult kidney and ureter of older embryo, reptiles, birds and mammals.

Answer 8

Metanephros

Question 9

Metanephros riginates from two sources

Answer 9

ureteric bud
metanephrogenous mass

Question 10

Sequence of events during formation of the embryonic urinary system.

Answer 10

Pronephros
Mesonephros
Metanephros

Question 11

Slender stern of the ureteric bud.

Answer 11

ureter

Question 12

Expanded cranial end of the ureteric bud is enduced by the metanephrogenous mess.

Answer 12

renal pelvis

Question 13

The renal pelvis in large ruminants and pig, gives off branches, the ________.

Answer 13

major calyces

Question 14

Each major calyx gives off branches, the ________.

Answer 14

minor calyces

Question 15

Each minor calyx gives off several branches, the _________.

Answer 15

papillary ducts

Question 16

Each papillary ducts gives off branches, the _________.

Answer 16

collecting tubules

Question 17

The major and minor calyces are absent in these animals.

Answer 17

horse and carnivores

Question 18

It is the expanded sac that connects with the ureter cranially and the urethra caudally.

Answer 18

urinary bladder

Question 19

Where does the urinary bladder develops?

Answer 19

urachus

Question 20

Malformations of the Urinary System

Answer 20

Hydronephrosis (cystic /polycystic kidneys)

Patent urachus (urachal fistula)

Ectopic ureter

Urorectal fistula:rectovesicular; rectovestibular; rectourethral

Question 21

May result from ureteric atresia or from failure of nephrons to communicate with collecting tubules.

Answer 21

Hydronephrosis (cystic /polycystic kidneys)

Question 22

It results from a failure of the allantoic stalk to close at birth. Also, vesicourachal diverticulum (urachus persisting as a blind pouch) is a sourced of chronic cystitis and chronic dribbling of urine at the umbilicus.

Answer 22

Patent urachus (urachal fistula)

Question 23

Entry of the ureter into the urethra or vagina instead of the urinary bladder that results in urinary bladder infection or incontinence (urine dribbling) because urine is deposited beyond the urinary sphincters.

Answer 23

Ectopic ureter

Question 24

Due to faulty separation of the cloaca into rectum and urogenital sinus, a fistulous tract may remain that leads to abnormal elimination of urine and feces and urinary tract infection.

Answer 24

Urorectal fistula: rectovesicular; rectovestibular; rectourethral