taste

Question 1

flavors

Answer 1

sense of taste and smell

Question 2

tastes

Answer 2

any of the 5 basic sensations detected by the tongue
salty, sour, sweet, bitter, umami

Question 3

taste buds

Answer 3

cluster of 50-150 cells that detect tastes

Question 4

papillae

Answer 4

small bump on tongue
contain most taste receptor cells
increase surface area

Question 5

gustatory system

Answer 5

detects taste through cranial nerves

Question 6

microvilli

Answer 6

fine fibers that extend from taste receptor cells into tiny pore

Question 7

tastants

Answer 7

substances that can be tasted

Question 8

circumvallate papillae

Answer 8

back of tongue

Question 9

foliate papillae

Answer 9

center of tongue

Question 10

fungiform papilla

Answer 10

front of tongue

Question 11

salty

Answer 11

ionotropic receptors
Na+ enters —> depolarization —> Ca+2 —> neurotransmitter release

Question 12

sour

Answer 12

ionotropic receptors
hydrogen ions released from acids

Question 13

sweet

Answer 13

metabotropic receptors
T1R receptor family
T1R2 and T1R3 combine to make sweet tastants

Question 14

bitter

Answer 14

metabotropic receptors
T2R receptor family

Question 15

umami

Answer 15

metabotropic receptors
glutamate receptor
T1R receptor family
T1R1 and T1R3