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pt 632 motor control > Practice and Feedback in Motor Learning > Flashcards

Practice and Feedback in Motor Learning Flashcards

1
Q

used to imprint/strength motor plans and leads to easier movement patterns, less energy requirements and automacy of movement

A

practice

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2
Q

variables to consider with practice

A

length of practice time, frequency of practice, structure of session, feedback, rest breaks, pt sx

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3
Q

what parameters should you consider manipulating with practice

A

speed, time (accuracy), frequency, intensity/resistance

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4
Q

practice should be

A

purposeful/goal oriented

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5
Q

a practice session in which the amount of practice time is greater than rest time

A

massed practice

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6
Q

for continuous tasks, performance degrades due to fatigue, causing learning to be slightly affected on task transfer

A

massed practice

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7
Q

a practice session in which the amount of rest between sessions is equal or greater than the session

A

distributed practice

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8
Q

better for pts who fatigue or have limited cognition; may lead to better task transfer and overall learning (processing time to imprint skill)

A

distributed practice

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9
Q

examples of massed practice

A
  • one 3 hours practice practice once a week
  • six 2 hours sessions 2x/week for 3 weeks
  • six 2 hour sessions 1x/week for 6 weeks
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10
Q

examples of distributed practice

A
  • three 1 hours practices per week
  • twelve 1 hour sessions 1x/week for 12 weeks
  • 24 30 minute session 2x/week for 12 weeks
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11
Q

practicing at one specific speed, repeitition or skill; leads to less ability to adapt and generalize learning

A

constant learning

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12
Q

is constant or variable better for pt with limited cognitive processing

A

constant

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13
Q

practicing the same skill at different speeds or frequencies; leads to best adaptation of skill and improved generalized learning

A

variable practice

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14
Q

practice 3 point shots from the same place

A

constant

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15
Q

practice shooting from various points on the court

A

variable

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16
Q

______ leads to worse practice performance but superior retention and transfer (learning)

A

contextual interference

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17
Q

most effective at learning tasks with different motor patterns

A

random practice

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18
Q

intellectual ability/motivation may be factor as performance will be worse during what phase

A

skill acquisition phase

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19
Q

multiple skills practiced during a single session allowing for improved transfer of skills; best when using skills with different motor patterns and coordination

A

contextual interference - random practice

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20
Q

practicing multiple skills in random order that use different coordination patterns and different motor patterns

A

random practice

21
Q

practicing sit to stands from varying surfaces along with balance and gait activities

A

random practice

22
Q

practicing multiple skills in a session but practice one skill for a set time before moving to the next skill

A

blocked practice

23
Q

which is better, random or blocked, if cognition is affected

A

blocked

24
Q

during blocked practice, skill is better during what phase and worse during

A
  • better: skill acquistion phase
  • worse: skill transfer
25
Q

practicing sit to stands for a specific number of trials, then move to supine to sit and practice for a set number of trials

A

blocked

26
Q

interference during learning leads to better transfer of skill although poorer perforce during skull acquisition phase

A

contextual interference

27
Q

practicing the skill in its entirety

A

whole practice

28
Q

gait training and not breaking down specific components

A

whole practice

29
Q

breaking down the skill into components to learn entire skills

A

part practice

30
Q

the process of breaking down the components of a skill or movement and then ordering them in sequence

A

task analysis

31
Q

practicing initial contact and loading response with gait

A

part practice

32
Q

can only be used if task can be subdivided

A

part practice
(ex: prone hip extension does not translate to hip extension during terminal stance)

33
Q

does whole or part training lead to the greatest effect in motor learn

A

both

34
Q

mentally practicing a motor skill in one’s imagination can produce large positive effects

A

motor imagery

35
Q

_____ can enhance learning when physical practice is not possible

A

mental practice

36
Q

studies shows that imagery can help with acquisition of skill, but reaching max speed of execution takes how much physical practice

A

75%

37
Q

amount of transferability depends on what

A
  • similarity between the 2 tasks or the 2 environments
  • also depends on type of practice
38
Q

what type of practice leads to best transfer of skill but worse during acqusition phase

A

random/variable

39
Q

what is the best way to help a patient learn

A

trial and error

40
Q

____ hinders transfer of learning as it may improve short term performance but hinders transferability of skill in long term

A

excessive guidance

41
Q

inherent; comes from one’s own sensory system as a result of movement (visual, perception, auditory, tactile)

A

intrinsic feedback

42
Q

augmented; supplements intrinsic; can be given either concurrently or terminally; verbal or tactile cueing, video replay, biofeedback

A

extrinsic feedback

43
Q

what are the two forms of extrinsic feedback

A
  • knowledge of results
  • knowledge of performance
44
Q

Feedback about the end/overall result of outcome of movement; Using various tests/times/measures to provide feedback of performance

A

knowledge of results

45
Q

Feedback about the nature or quality of movement
Focus on the key task elements
Feedback of performing the actual task

A

knowledge of performance

46
Q

may be the most important parameter to build skill

A

practice intensity

47
Q

____ is correlated with improved performance and function

A

higher reps

48
Q

_____ is most rapid early on and may continue to improve for many years

A

performance improvement

49
Q

optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning; combines attention, motivation and motor learning with dynamic systems theory

A

OPTIMAL theory of motor learning

pt 632 motor control (9 decks)

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