Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1. Pediatrics > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

[Nutrition/Fluid]

Estimated weight loss and fluid deficit for dehydration?
Mild: __
Moderate: __
Severe: __

A

Mild: 5% weight loss, 50 ml/kg fluid deficit
Moderate: 10%, 100 ml/kg
Severe: 15 %, 150 ml/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

[Nutrition/BF]

Diseases reduces risk by breast feeding? (6)

A
  1. Childhood asthma
  2. Obesity
  3. T1 DM
  4. Celiac disease
  5. Crohn disease
  6. Cognitive delay
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

[Nutrition/BF]

Contraindications for breast feeding? (3)
Baby (1): __
Mother (2): __

A

Baby with classic galactosemia
Maternal HIV infection
Mather with isotretinoin therapy, amphetamines, chemotherapy, ergotamines, statins, technetium-99m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

[Nutrition/Infant feeding]

Soy protein formula indication (2)?

A
  1. Baby with galactosemia
  2. Mother prefers vegetarian diet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Usual feeding regimen per feeding per age?

By 1st week: __
By 2 months: __
By 6 months: __

A

By 1st week: 2-4 oz/feed, every 2-4 hours
By 2 months: 4-5 oz every 3-4 hours
By 6 months: 5 oz, every 4-5 hours, no night feeding if formula fed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

[Nutrition/Infant feeding]

When to discontinue vit D for infant?
For formula fed: __
For breast fed: __

A

For formula fed, when formula > 33 oz/day
For breast fed, when milk consumption started by 12 months, no whole milk till 12 months old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

At risk for B12 deficiency infant?

A

Mother with strict vegetarian diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

At risk for B6 and folate deficiency infant?

Infant with __ milk fed

A

Infant with goat’s milk fed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

[Nutrition/iron]

When to start 1mg/kg of elemental iron?

A

4-6 months of age
If >4 months, receiving nutrients > 50% from breast milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

[Nutrition/fluoride]

Symptoms of fluorosis?

A

Enamel with white flecks or brown discoloration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

[Nutrition/fluoride]

Amount of fluoride toothpaste for infants and toddlers?

A

Smear for infants
Pea-size at 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

[Nutrition/carotene]

Carotenemia when occurs and symptoms?

A

Children with a lot of yellow-orange vegetables; carrots, squash, and sweet potatos
Yellow discoloration except sclera (scleral icterus in jaundice)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

[Nutrition/milk]

Milk recommendation for infant/toddler and when to switch to low fat?

Start whole milk __ oz/day around __ month
Low fat for at risk of obesity for __ months or __ months

A

Start whole milk 16-24 oz/day around 12-24 month
Low fat for at risk of obesity for 12-24 months or >24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

[Nutrition/deficiency]

Which insufficiency in
Marasmus vs Kwashiorkor

A

Marasmus: Caloric malnutrition (말아서무스)
Kwashiorkor: Protein malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

[Nutrition/deficiency]

Appearance in Marasmus vs Kwashiorkor

A

Marasmus: cachectic, loose skin (wizened old man)
Kwashiorkor: edematous (hypoalbuminemia), skin rashes, brittle hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin excess]

Which vitamin excessive symptoms?

Scaly skin
Pseudotumor cerebri
Bone/muscle pain, cortical hyperostosis
Hepatomegaly

A

Vitamin A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

Rickets: poor growth, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, tetany
Osteoporosis/osteomalacia

A

Vitamin D deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Patients at risk for vit D deficiency (5)?

A
  1. Prematurity
  2. Darker skin pigmentation
  3. Insufficient outdoor activities
  4. Antiepileptic medications
  5. Chronic intestinal inflammation (IBD, celiac)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Vit D status levels based on 25-OH vit D

Sufficiency: __
Insufficiency: __
Deficiency: __

A

Sufficiency: > 30
Insufficiency: 12-30
Deficiency: <12

20
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Recommended dose for vit D deficiency per age?

<12 mo: __ IU
1-12 yo: __ IU
>12 yo: __ IU

A

<12 mo: 2000 IU
1-12 yo: 3000-6000 IU
>12 yo: 6000 IU

21
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Vit K dependent coagulation factors?

A

prothrombin (2), 7, 9 ,10

22
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

White lines of Frankel
(dense band at the growing metaphyseal end)

A

Vit C deficiency (Scurvy)

23
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

Neuropathy, muscle atrophy, ataxia, Wernicke encephalopathy
High cardiac output heart failure

A

Thiamin B1
Beriberi, Wet beriberi for heart failure

24
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

A

Riboflavin, vitamin B2

25
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

3 D Pellagra: Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhea
At risk with ____ consumption

A

Niacin B3
Corn mash consumption

26
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

At risk for which vitamin deficiency?

Isoniazid treatment

A

Pyridoxin, vitamin B6

27
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

Megaloblastic anemia, hypersegmented neutrophils
Lack of deep tendon reflex

A

Cobalamin, vitamin B12

28
Q

[Nutrition/mineral deficiency]

Which mineral deficiency?

Acrodermatitis: pustular dermatitis, alopecia, blepharitis, conjunctivitis
Enteropathica: diarrhea, FTT

A

Zinc deficiency
(Acrodermatitis enteropathica)

29
Q

[Nutrition/mineral deficiency]

2nd common cause of nutrition deficiency for anemia?

Associated with developmental delay

A

Folate
(Iron the most common)

30
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

Eye: Night blindness, xerophthalmia, corneal opacities, Bitot spots (keratin buildup in conjunctivae)
Growth failure
Increased susceptibility to infection, high risk for severe measles

A

Vitamin A deficiency

31
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

Neurologic dysfunction from neuroaxonal degeneration
Loss of reflex
High risk for Fat soluble vitamin malabsorption, cystic fibrosis

A

Vit E deficiency

32
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

Gingival bleeding
Follicular hyperkeratosis
Perifollicular hemorrhages
“corkscrew-coiled” hairs
Normocytic normochromic anemia

A

Vit C deficiency (Scurvy)

33
Q

[Nutrition/vitamin deficiency]

Which vitamin deficiency?

A

Vitamin D, Ricket

34
Q

[Nutrition/burn]

Vitamin and mineral supports for burn patient (3)?

A
  1. Vit A
  2. Vit C
  3. zinc
35
Q

[Nutrition/burn]

Required caloric support for burn patient per percentage of burn in body surface area

<10% BSA: __
>40% BSA: __

A

<10% BSA: similar to resting energy expenditure (REE)
>40% BSA: 150% of REE

36
Q

[Nutrition/ketogenic diet]

Possible complications of ketogenic diet? (3)

A
  1. GI complaints
  2. Hyperlipidemia
  3. Kidney stones
37
Q

[Nutrition/infant feeding]

In preterm formula, higher contents compared to term formula (4)?

A

In preterm formula,
1. Higher calorie
2. Higher protein concentration
3. Higher vitamins: Vit A, B6
4. Higher electrolytes and minerals: Ca, iron

38
Q

[Nutrition/CKD]

Diet restriction for chronic kidney disease (2)?

A
  1. Low potassium
  2. Low phosphorus
    (Sodium restriction per patient’s physiology
    Protein restriction not indicated for infants/children)
39
Q

[Nutrition/CKD]

Electrolyte and vitamin supplement for chronic kidney disease?

A

Calcium
Calcitriol (vit D analog)
(to prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy)

40
Q

[Nutrition/infant feeding]

When to switch to preterm to term formula (2)?

A
  1. Consistent weight gain 30-40 g/day
  2. Caught up with birth weight percentile
    (Then slow transition with weight monitoring, half BM/half formula then full BM)
41
Q

[Nutrition/infant feeding]

Stopping bottle feeding at ___ months?

A

15

42
Q

[Nutrition/infant feeding]

Night time feeding stops ___ months for formula feeding and ___ months for breast feeding

A

6 months for formula fed
12 months for breast fed

43
Q

[Nutrition/infant feeding]

Multivitamin choices age range

Polyvisol from __ till __
Multivitamin chewable from __

A

Polyvisol with iron from 4-6 months and till 4 year of age
Multivitamin chewable > 4 year old

44
Q

[Nutrition/BF]

Breast milk storage
Breast milk in room temperature up to __ hours
Breast milk in refrigerator up to __ days
Breast milk in freezer up to __ months

A

Breast milk in room temperature up to 4 hours
Breast milk in refrigerator up to 4 days
Breast milk in freezer up to 6-12 months
Thaw in warm water
Never refreeze
Thawed use in 1-2 hours, fridge up to 1 day

45
Q

[Nutrition/infant feeding]

The recommended calorie goal for infants with congestive heart failure?

___ kcal/kg/day

A

140 kcal/kg/day

1. Pediatrics (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions