2- Local anaesthesia blocks

Question 1

What must always happen when injecting local anaesthetics

Answer 1

ALWAYS aspirate before injecting

Question 2

What are the 2 common local anaesthetics used in small animals?

Answer 2

Lidocaine & Bupivacaine

Question 3

T/F Local anaesthetics have wide therapeutic window

Answer 3

False- narrow- therapeutic dose is close to toxic dose

Question 4

Bupivacaine is unlicensed drug, what is the justification to why we would use this?

Answer 4

Longer duration than lidocaine

Question 5

What is a nerve locator?

Answer 5

Stimulates nerves with current before depositing the LA allows us to locate the nerve

Alos reduces the dose we need & therefore toxicity possibility

Question 6

What is a soaker catheter?

Answer 6

Long cannulas that have small holes in
Insert just under the skin & LA will leak out of the holes over time

Question 7

What is IVRA?

Answer 7

Intravenous regional anaesthesia

Place cannula in vein
Desanguinate the limb (apply vet wrap to push as much blood out of the limb)
Place tourniquet/cuff around proximal limb
Inject lidocaine IV- this will diffuse to the leg but will not go above the cuff
Gives regional

Question 8

Which LA can you use IV?

Answer 8

Pure lidocaine

Question 9

What is the the speed of onset of local anaesthetics related to

Answer 9

speed of onset is inversely related to their degree of ionization.

Question 10

What is the duration of effect of local anaesthetic related to

Answer 10

Their protein binding

Question 11

What is the potency of a local anaesthetic related to

Answer 11

lipid solubility