5.2 - Political Parties Flashcards

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1
Q

Political parties - Values of Dems - Immigration

A
  • Legal immigration is positive as diversity is integral to US society
  • Immigrants tend to vote Dem
  • Dems very supportive of a pathway for illegal immigrants to gain citizenship (EG Dreamer Act under Obama)
  • Supportive of idea that anyone can come to the US and start a new life
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2
Q

Political parties - Values of Dems - National Security

A
  • Dems generally oppose high levels of defence spending
  • Typically believe in the use of diplomacy and minimal use of armed forces unless absolutely necessary
  • Dems have been very vocal about not treating all people as terrorists
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3
Q

Political parties - Values of Dems - The economy

A
  • Dems believe in positive freedom - empowering the roles of the state within the economy
  • Believe the economy is rigged against working and middle class families
  • Believe in Big Gob (gov intervention)
  • Favour increase in taxation of the rich and support the Buffet Rule (billionaire investment)
  • Supports the creation of a bigger welfare system and a safety net to stop people falling into poverty
  • Anti trickle-down economics
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4
Q

Political parties - Values of Dems - Civil rights, voting, and gay rights

A
  • Informed by modern liberalism and equality of opportunity for everyone
  • Recently used terms such as progressive which can be understood as advocating change and reform EG Civil Rights Act 1964 and Voting Rights Act 1965
  • Sought an end to legal segregation and give black Americans full civil and political rights
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5
Q

Political parties - Values of Dems - Healthcare

A
  • Medicare for all - believe that healthcare is a right not a privilege - therefore have been fighting to secure universal healthcare
  • 2010 Affordable Care Act - led to over 20 million American gaining healthcare coverage - the rate of uninsured Americans has almost halved
  • Bipartisan congress passed the 2020 CARES Act under Trump
  • Pro choice in terms of abortion
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6
Q

Political parties - Values of Dems - The environment

A
  • Dems are super strict on env controls and believe climate change poses a real threat to economy, national security, and children’s health and future
  • The Green New Deal is a framework launched in Congress by AOC for mobilising the federal gov to create millions of family-sustaining union jobs and fight the climate crisis at the same time
  • Dems want to reduce dependence on foreign oil
  • Dems want to use the savings to provide consumer relief and develop energy alternatives, and investing in energy and independent technology
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7
Q

Political parties - Values of Reps - Immigration

A
  • Republicans place particular importance on border security and deportation of illegal immigrants
  • 91% of Republicans believe border security should be a top priority
  • Rep immigration policies include Trump’s border wall
  • Half of Reps (47%) say the US should decrease the amount of immigrants coming in legally
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8
Q

Political parties - Values of Reps - National security

A
  • Very strong national defence with strong domestic and overseas presence
  • Only 4 Senators and 3 House Reps opposed the Vietnam War in the 60s
  • Strong non-interventionist wing of the Party called American First
  • 61% of Reps supported US troops in Iraq in 2018 - down from 89% in 2003
  • Typically support a strong national security system
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9
Q

Political parties - Values of Reps - The economy

A
  • Reps believe that the gov should not be involved in the economy as a whole
  • Believe free market enterprises are central to the US - EG Reagan who promoted the idea of trickle down economic which promotes low taxes and powerful businesses
  • Reps also favour keeping inflation in check as a means of controlling the economy as opposed to employment - monetarism
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10
Q

Political parties - Values of Reps - Tradition

A
  • Reps wish to preserve the US’ organic society from social fragmentation
  • Uneasy with the social and sexual revolution that began in the 1960s and feel as though this has fragmented society
  • Most Reps are heavily influenced by Christianity and believe there are clear rights and wrongs
  • Tend to oppose abortion, gay marriage and recreation drug use
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11
Q

Political parties - Values of Reps - Healthcare

A
  • Reps believe in a patient centred healthcare system
  • System based on free markets and fostering competition - believe that the free market will regulate itself to bring prices down
  • Believe a healthcare system run by gov will reduce efficiency and the standards of care and increase waiting lists
  • Oppose the Affordable Care Act EG California v Texas 2020
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12
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Political parties - Values of Reps - Guns

A
  • Reps view gun ownership as highly integral to the functioning of the US and society due to their belief that the gov needs a check on its power
  • Believe that the main check on the Constitution would be an armed population
  • Very supportive of the rights of individuals and believe that these rights trump the rights of the group
  • GOP receives large donations from the NRA - %12.2 million across 145 Congressional races in 2020
  • 44% of Americans own a firearm
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13
Q

Democratic Factions - What are the three democratic factions?

A
  • Liberals/progressives
  • Moderates
  • Conservatives
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14
Q

Democratic Factions - Liberals/progressives - Stance on justice, death penalty, LGBTQ+ rights, tuition fees, environment, healthcare, which caucus, key names?

A
  • Social and racial justice, opposing the death penalty, pro LGBTQ+ rights, free college education, pro environmental deals (green new deal), medicare for all
  • Associated with the Congressional Progressive Caucus
  • Key names - Bernie Sanders, AOC (102 members)
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15
Q

Democratic Factions - Moderates - Stance on healthcare, minority rights, reform of police, affordable college, tax reform, climate change, and immigration, which caucus, key names?

A
  • “Public option” for healthcare IE creation of a gov run health agency to compete with private insurers (EG NHS)
  • Pro minority rights but more cautious about wholesale reform of the police, making college more affordable, tax reform, reducing climate change, humane immigration
  • Associated with the New Democrats Coalition Caucus (94 members)
  • Key names - Joe Biden and the Clintons
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16
Q

Democratic Factions - Conservatives - Stance on budgets, LGTQ+ rights, gun control, NRA, Obamacare, where representing, which coalition, key names

A
  • Favour a balanced budget, less supportive of LGBTQ+ rights, less supportive of gun control, a few members have received high ratings from the NRA, anti Obamacare, tend to represent Red states in the Midwest and South
  • Linked with the Blue Dog Coalition (26 members)
  • Key names - Joe Manchin and Jim Cooper
17
Q

Republican Factions - What are the three Republican factions?

A
  • Moderates
  • Social Conservatives
  • Fiscal Conservatives
18
Q

Republican Factions - Moderates - Which group in congress, stance on the role of the state, Obamacare, immigration, public spending, key names?

A
  • Associated with the Tuesday Group (15-20 members)
  • Advocates for a bigger role for the state in society and the economy
  • Unwilling to repeal Obamacare, more sympathetic towards migrants, and for high public spending on education
  • Key names - Susan Collins, Lisa Murkowski
19
Q

Republican Factions - Social Conservatives - Stance on heterosexual marriages, death penalty, abortion, policing, sentencing, strong links to which demographic, prayers in public schools, second amendment, recreational drug use, which caucus, key names?

A
  • Strong supporters of traditional heterosexual marriages, pro life, death penalty, robust policing, and tough sentencing
  • Strong links to the “religious right” and white conservative evangelical Christianity
  • Supports prayer in public schools, staunch defenders of the second amendment, opposes legal usage of recreational drugs
  • Associated with the Republican Study Committee (159 members)
  • Key names - Ted Cruz, Marco Rubio, Mike Pence
20
Q

Republican Factions - Fiscal Conservatives - Stance of gov spending, size of gov, tax cuts, environment, balanced budgets, reducing budget deficit, Obamacare, Trump, which caucus, key names?

A
  • Keen to reduce gov spending
  • Advocates for “small gov”, tax cuts, and cutting environment protection
  • Strong supporters of balanced budgets, reducing budget deficit, keen to repeal Obamacare, large Trump supporters
    Associated with the Freedom Caucus (Roughly 50 members)
  • Key names - Rand Paul, Scott Perry