26 Cabriyckic Scids Derrivsrive S

Question 1

Derivative

Answer 1

Is something that can be ndhrljhskde to for, the
Aren’t carobylic acid again (adding OH)

Question 2

Esterificautoj
Property of ester

Answer 2

Is alcohol + carboxylic acid and presence of CONC Sulfuic acid catlayst

Can also be made other ways

Named ethyl ethanoate, that’s alcohol and then carboxylic acidm

This is a condensation reaction. Which is an additon followed by ELIMINATION reaction
Produced water or HCL

Ester proprieties are sweet smelling like fruit s

Question 3

Esterificatuoj. In the labe?

Answer 3

Just pour ewual amoints and warm in boiling tube aater bath

Then when done, add sodium cabrinate to remove any remaining acid, so smell more apparent

Question 4

Ester and hydrolysis
Acid
Base

Answer 4

Can be hydrolysed too either grünt bith alchol and csbriylic scid or just alchol snd version of salt

Acid = Need water and dilute acid as a causltydr, as esterificsuton rpeouced water, you have to add water
Acid hydrolysis is reversible , but gives back FULL ACID AND ALCHOL

BASE
- saponification,
- required reflux and OH ions, and is irrevjsble
- returns the ion , not the csbroykic scid
So if rescted with NaOH it would be Sodium carboxylate

Question 5

How to name acid anhydrides

Answer 5

Here imagine half of it snd name it like thst, so so,it in half snd count cabrin

This is formed by two cabroykic acid groups that the water has been removed by them, so think COC is an ACID ANHYDRIDE GROUP

Question 6

HOW ARE ACYL CHLORIDES MADE

Answer 6

made by parent csbroykic acid (remember they are all derivatives) and THIONYL CHLORIDE

SOCl2
This produces SO2 and Hcl, and products are harmful should be cafied in fume cupboard

So if pronaoicSci, then paranoid snd thionyl becomes pro pyrolysis chloride

Question 7

4 reactions of acyl chloride

Answer 7

Acyl chloride + alchol = ester and HCL
Acyl chrloide arereactive enough compared to carbox to react with phenols to produce esters too

Acyl and water back to carbox

Acyl and ammonia become sorimwry amide in a nucleopjilic susbtiiojn, as the Cl diseases whereas carbonyl retains

Reacting with a primary AMINE will relics a secondary amide and a salt

Remember each time it’s just the N that goes and whatever attfahrd ti it goes too

Question 8

What reactions do acid anhydrides take part in

Answer 8

The same as acyl chloride
With alchol phenol esters
Wate csbrox
Ammonia primary Addie
Primary amine to make secondary smile

BUT USED BECAUSE THEY ARE LESS RECSTICE THAN ACYL CHRLODIES SO BETTER FOR LAB DEMONSTRSRJONS WHERE ACY CHLORIDES OVER 9000