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Integument and Alimentary systems SF2 > liver > Flashcards

liver Flashcards

1
Q

what are the functions of the liver?

A

detoxification
excretion
bile secretion
lipid storage
protein synthesis
immune
metabolism
conjugation of hormones

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2
Q

where is it found in the body

A

caudal to the diaphragm
lays convex to it, therefore concave with visceral organs

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3
Q

where is the gall bladder found

A

in between the right medial lobe and the quadrate lobe

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4
Q

what can be found on the visceral surface?

A

porta
ie: bile ducts, portal vein, hepatic vessels

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5
Q

what are the lobes of the liver

A

left + lateral + medial
right + lateral + medial
caudate
quadrate

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6
Q

which animals dont have the right lateral or medial lobe

A

rabbits
horses
ruminants

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7
Q

which animals dont have the left lateral or medial lobe

A

ruminants

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8
Q

which animals dont have papillary processes

A

pigs and horses

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9
Q

where is the dog liver found

A

between the 7th and 9th rib
left of stomach
right of the pancreas, r kidney, dueodenum
ventral to greater omentum

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10
Q

where would you puncture a dog for a liver biopsy?

A

xiphoid process

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11
Q

where is the horse liver found

A

on ribcage to 15th intercostal space

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12
Q

where would you puncture for a horse liver biopsy

A

12 ICS
or 8 ICS (level to deltoid tuberosity)

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13
Q

where is the cow rib found

A

lies as far as the last rib

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14
Q

where would you puncture for a cow liver biopsy

A

10th ICS

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15
Q

what is the purpose of the visceral peritoneum

A

carries blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics
covers the liver

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16
Q

what is the falciform ligament

A

divides the liver lobes
is between the liver and diaphragm

17
Q

what is the round ligament?

A

a fibrous strand at the free edge of the falciform ligament

18
Q

what is the hepatoduodenal ligament

A

connect liver with small intestines

19
Q

what is the hepatogastric ligament

A

connects liver with stomach

20
Q

what are the right and left triangular ligaments

A

extend from the visceral side to either side of the diaphragm

21
Q

what is the coronary ligament

A

from the caudal venal cava to central diaphragmatic tendon

22
Q

what is the function of the hepatic artery

A

supply liver with 02

23
Q

what is the function of the hepatic portal vein

A

carrier nutrient rich blood from the unpaired organs to the liver

24
Q

what is the function of the portal vein

A

recieves the blood from the unpaired
goes to the hepatic vein canal to hepatic lobules
to the caudal vena cava which carry the blood back to the heart

25
Q

how is the liver innervated?

A

parasympathetic and sympathetic
celiac plus
vagal trunk

26
Q

what is a hepatic lobule

A

an arteriole, venuole, bile duct (together a portal triad)
one in each corner of a hexagon, in the centre is a central vein
blood capillary beds between the portal triads and vein

27
Q

what lines the blood capillary beds in the hepatic lobules

A

liver sinusoids

28
Q

what is drainage circulation

A

blood flows form the central vein in the hepatic lobules
then to hepatic veins
the caudal vena cava

29
Q

where is bile produced?

A

in hepatocytes

30
Q

where does bile travel to after production

A

bile canaliculi
interlobular ducts
hepatic ducts
bile ducts

31
Q

what are bile salts?

A

component of bile that digest fat in the small intestine

32
Q

what are bile salts produced from

A

cholesterol
conjugated bile acids that bind to sodium
phospholipids

33
Q

what causes bile production

A

secretin (hormone) released after eating (due to acidic duodenum)
HCO3- secreted from pancrease
causes bile production

34
Q

what is the smooth muslce between the bile duct and duodenum

A

sphincter or oddi

35
Q

how is bile secreted into the duodenum

A

CCK causes the gall bladder to contract, the sphincter of oddi to open

36
Q

why do some animals need a gallbladder

A

fat digestion is not constant, so bile doesn’t need to be present constantly in the small intestines

37
Q

what are trickle feeders

A

animals that constanlty eat
no gallbladder neededd

Integument and Alimentary systems SF2 (19 decks)

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