Psych - Health Behavious Flashcards
What is health?
Difficult to define due to many factors - cultural, social, physical
It is subjective
Not two separate states - it is a continuum
What are the 6 stages of Antonovskys wellness continuum?
Very healthy signs and lifestyle
Healthy signs and lifestyle
Average signs
Worse than average signs
Symptoms and minor disabilities
Major disability from illness
What is the biopsychosocial model of health?
Health, how you perceive health, how you engage with health interventions and illness are influenced by psychological, social and biological factors.
Updated in 1990 to include ethnicity and culture
What are examples of psychological factors? (3)
Cognition - thinking, beliefs
Emotion
Personality
What are examples of social factors? (3)
People in your social world
Socioeconomic status
Ethnicity and culture
What are examples of biological factors? (3)
Viruses
Bacteria
Genetics
What some physical results of stress?
Modulates cell-mediated immunity
Slows wound healing
Modulates memory
Stress hormones modulate lung injury and inflammation
Associated with cardiovascular disease diabetes, affective disorder
Chronic stressors were found to cause adaptive structural plasticity within interconnected brain regions
What are the 3 major pathways that influence health behaviours?
Generating direct illogical changes - e.g. excessive alcohol = liver damage
Changing exposure to health risks - e.g. consumer use = protects against STIs
Early detection - e.g. attendance to screening clinics = earlier treatment, better outcomes
Give an example of how psychological factorsinfluence health behaviours ?
Psychological factors - behaviours, beliefs, coping, stress, pain, emotion
Can all lead to:
Reactive influence - e.g drinking alcohol due to stress or taking too many painkillers due to pain
Proactive influence - e.g deciding to regularly exercise in order to prevent high cholesterol, deciding to eat healthily to sty a healthy weight
Give examples of protective health behaviours (8)
Eating well
Health screening clinic attendance
Vaccination
Condom use
Exercising
Teeth brushing
Sunscreen
Hand washing
Give examples of health risk behaviours (6)
Smoking
Excessive alcohol
Not applying sunscreen
Poor diet
Lack of exercise
Non-compliance to medical regiments - taking too late/early, not understanding treatment pathway
What is the theory of planned behaviour?
Belief that there are a number of mechanism that impact our intentions
Refers to how or beliefs are normative models around us
Ability and how much control we perceive ourselves to have over or behaviour can really impact our intention to change
What are behaviours beliefs?
What does the pt believe about the behaviour ?
Their belief system influences their attitude
What are normative beliefs?
What pt thinks significant others think about their behaviour
Gives pt a subjective norm
Able to really think about overall social pressure to engage in the behaviour or not
What are control beliefs?
Pt beliefs regarding their ability to quit or maintain behaviour
Do they have internal/external resources?
- will power
- do they believes they can quit …
Control beliefs really impact perceived behavioural control
