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Science > Chapter 8- Plate Tectonics > Flashcards

Chapter 8- Plate Tectonics Flashcards

0
Q

What is a long row of towering mountains?

A

Ridge

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1
Q

What is a long narrow canyon in the ocean floor?

A

Trench

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2
Q

Which layer of earth is solid and made mostly of iron?

A

Inner core

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3
Q

Which layer is made mostly of iron mixed with smaller amounts of other materials?

A

Outer core

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4
Q

Which layer is made of oxygen, combined with silicon, magnesium, and iron ore?

A

Mantle

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5
Q

Which layer is made of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, and calcium? Also the thinnest layer

A

Crust

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6
Q

Which plate is most of the United States on?

A

North American Plate

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7
Q

Which plate is Hawaii on?

A

Pacific Plate

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8
Q

Why didn’t scientists accept the idea of continental drift?

A

Wegner couldn’t answer the question “What force could be strong enough to move whole continents?”

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9
Q

Do hot liquids float or sink? Do they weigh more or less?

A

Float. They weigh less.

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10
Q

Which boundary is sea floor spreading found at?

A

Spreading boundary

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11
Q

How many plates is the lithosphere broken into?

A

20

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12
Q

How is an earth quakes epicenter related to its focus?

A

The epicenter is directly over the focus

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13
Q

True or false?

The inner part of earth’s crust is hot, melted rock.

A

False.

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14
Q

True or false?

The temperature at Earth’s core is as hot as the sun

A

True

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15
Q

True or false?

Earth’s crust and the outer mantle make up the lithosphere

A

True

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16
Q

True or false?

The lithosphere is broken into plates that float on melted rock

A

True

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17
Q

True or false?

Tectonic plates are found on continents

A

False

18
Q

The outermost layer of earth?

A

Crust

19
Q

Earths crust and the solid part of the mantle

A

Lithosphere

20
Q

What is the inner most layer of earth?

A

The core

21
Q

The layer of earth just below the crust is called?

A

The mantle

22
Q

True or false?

Earth’s crust contains most of Earth’s mass

A

False

23
Q

True or false?

The outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid

A

True

24
Q

True or false?

The ocean floor contains deep trenches and mountains

A

True

25
Q

True or false?

Convection currents in the ocean cause tectonic plates to move

A

False

26
Q

True or false?

Reversing magnetic fields in rock proved new crust is forming on the ocean floor

A

True

27
Q

What is the theory that continents drifted apart in the past and continue to do so today called?

A

Continental drift

28
Q

New crust is formed by _____ that cools on the ocean floor

A

Magma

29
Q

The force that moves Earth’s played is called _________.

A

Convection

30
Q

True or false?

When one plate slides under another, volcanoes and ocean trenches can occur

A

True

32
Q

What is the area where 2 plates meet?

A

Plate boundaries

33
Q

What is a break in the Earth’s crust

A

Fault

34
Q

Theory stating that pieces of the lithosphere constantly move on top of a layer of partly melted rock is called

A

Plate tectonics

35
Q

Deep ocean trenches can form at ______ boundary

A

Colliding

36
Q

Huge valleys can form at a _____ boundary

A

Fracture

37
Q

Earth quakes can form at a _____ boundary

A

Fracture

38
Q

Mountains can form at a ____ boundary

A

Colliding

39
Q

True or false?

Most volcanoes can’t be seen because they lie on the ocean bottom

A

True

40
Q

True or false?

Most earth quakes and volcanoes occur at plate boundaries

A

False

41
Q

The under ground point where the earth quake occurs is the_____

A

Epicenter

42
Q

An instrument called a ______ detects tremors

A

Seismometer

43
Q

__________ from satellites measure the movements of earths plates

A

Laser beams

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