Cardiology

Question 1

Dresslers presentation

Answer 1

Occurs 2-3 weeks post MI
Pleuritic chest pain, pericardial rub on ascultation, low grade fever

Question 2

Dresslers investigation findings

Answer 2

ECG - widespread ST elevation and T wave inversion
Echo - pericardial effusion
Raised inflammatory markers

Question 3

Dresslers management

Answer 3

NSAIDs
Steroids in more severe cases
Pericardiocentesis

Question 4

Acute mitral regurgitation presentation

Answer 4

Acute hypotension
Early-mid diastolic murmur
Pulmonary oedema

Question 5

Left ventricular free wall rupture

Answer 5

Acute heart failure
Tamponade symptoms (raised JVP, muffled heart sounds, pulsus paradoxus)

Question 6

Left ventricular free wall rupture management

Answer 6

Urgent pericardiocentesis and thoracotomy

Question 7

Ventricular septal defect after MI presentation

Answer 7

Acute heart failure, pansystolic murmur

Question 8

Left ventricular aneusrym management

Answer 8

anticoagulation due to thrombus formation and increased stroke risk

Question 9

Posterior MI ECG findings

Answer 9

R waves in V1-2

Question 10

Causes of long QT interval

Answer 10

Congenital
Antiarrhythmics: Amiodarone, sotalol, class 1a antiarrhythmics
Tricyclic antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Chloroquine
Terfenadine
Erythromycin
Electrolyte: hypocalcaemia, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia
Myocarditis
Hypothermia
Subarachnoid haemorrhage