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orthopedic > elbow > Flashcards

elbow Flashcards

1
Q

list types of elbow pain

A

soft tissue lesions
neuropathies
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Traumatic Painful Conditions
Instabilities

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2
Q

Ulnar nerve impingement leads to?

A

cubital tunnel syndrome

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3
Q

Radial nerve entrapment leads to?

A

posterior interosseous nerve syndrome

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4
Q

Median nerve entrapment leads to?

A

pronator teres syndrome

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5
Q

give examples of traumatic painful conditions

A

Collateral ligament injury

Anterior capsule rupture

Biceps and triceps tendon rupture

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6
Q

give examples of instabilities

A

Medial instability
Posterolateral instability

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7
Q

It is often seen as a result of repetitive pronation and supination movements of the forearm while the elbow is in extension

it is related to which condition?

A

Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)

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8
Q

The extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) tendon begins as a ?

A

micro-tear at the adhesion site.

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9
Q

which tendons have similar microtears injuries?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)

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10
Q

Pain in the lateral epicondyle region adjacent to the inner elbow
true or false?

A

false, outer

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11
Q

Wrist and finger extension against resistance, wrist flexion with forced supination, pain increases with forced elbow extension in tennis elbow

true or false?

A

true

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12
Q

for tennis elbow:

Often spread to the forearm and shoulder

It is dependent of elbow movements and has significant limitation of motion in the elbow

true or false?

A

false, independent of elbow motion and has no significant limitation of motion in the elbow

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13
Q

what is the test for elbow tennis?

A

The patient’s forearm is stabilized and the fist is requested to extend the wrist.
Then, with the other hand, the wrist is flexed from the dorsal of the fist. If the patient has a tennis elbow, he / she hears a sudden and severe pain in the lateral epicondyle, the common origin of the wrist extensors

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14
Q

Golfer’s Elbow or Baseball pitcher is related to which epicondyle?

A

medial epicondyle

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15
Q

Medial epicondylitis is related to overuse of the extensor / supinatorr mass

true or false?

A

false
flexor,pronator mass

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16
Q

Flexor carpi radialis and pronator teres are the most affected muscles in?

A

medial epicondylitis

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17
Q

pain increases during handshakes with medial epicondylitis
true or false?

A

true

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18
Q

for medial epicondylitis is most often with 20-50 years

for lateral epicondylitis is most often with 30-50 years

true or false?

A

true

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19
Q

list location of pain with medial epicondylitis

A

forearm flexor face medially of the elbow

medial epicondyle by palpation

flexion of wrist versus resistance when the elbow is extended

pronation of wrist against resistance

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20
Q

grip strength isn’t lost in medial epicondylitis
true or false?

A

false, is lost

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21
Q

how to test medial epicondylitis?

A

increasing pain in the medial elbow while forearm pronation and wrist flexed

22
Q

Anti-inflammatory modalities
resting
Movement protection
Strengthening
Splinting (for reducing tendon tension)
are all?

A

conservative treatment for medial epicondylitis

23
Q

patient education and increasing muscle strength and endurance for?

A

POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT for medial epicondylitis

24
Q

what is the goal therapy for medial and lateral epicondylitis?

A

Pain reduction
Lat. Epicondylitis: Ext. Origin of muscles
Med. Epicondylitis: Flexor and pronator
Correction of chronic inflammatory process
Correction of strength and tension of the affected muscle and tendon complex
Prevention of recurrence

25
Q

Resistant wrist ext.u, passive wrist flex. And pain in the palpation of the origin of the extensor muscle group. Radial tunnel symptoms can be accompanied. in?

A

lateral epicondylitis

26
Q

Pain in the palpation of the resilient wrist flex.u, passive wrist ext.u and flexor muscle origin related to?

A

medial epicondylitis

27
Q

what are the phases of nonoperative treatment?

A

acute
chronic
protection

28
Q

what is the acute phase for medial epicondylitis?

A

1- ice: for 15-20 min with 2-3 hours for 3 days
2- immobilizer splint: for 3 weeks
3- transverse friction massage
4- restriction of pic and grip movements
5-electrical stimulation
6- iontophoresis or NSAIDS
7- AROM wrist pron and flex

29
Q

exercises with hard palpation will help in ?

A

reducing pain

30
Q

Hot before the activity, ice application after the activity
is achieved in ?

A

chronic period

31
Q

in chronic period what can we use for analgesia?

A

high voltage galvanic stimulation for 20 min

32
Q

Increasing and maintaining flexor force and flexibility for?

A

medial epicondylitis in protective period

33
Q

Increasing and maintaining extensor strength and flexibility for?

A

lateral epicondylitis in protective period

34
Q

posture and positioning training is related to?

A

protection period

35
Q

which position and degree we splint the wrist with ulnar nerve compression?

A

extension between 40-60 degree

36
Q

Between the deep and superficial heads of the supinator muscle
we have?

A

radial nerve

37
Q

sign and symptoms of lateral epicondylitis is same as?

A

radial nerve compression

38
Q

It is seen after load bearing and forced supination - pronation movements when the elbow is at full extension

it is related to?

A

radial nerve compression

39
Q

if median nerve compressed over carpal tunnel we will focus on?

and if the median nerve is compressed in the carpal tunnel we will focus on?

A

over= focusing as motor and sensory treatment

in carpal tunnel= only sensory and pain

40
Q

Hypoesthesia and paresthesia, diffuse pain in forearm, weakness in forearm pronation
are seen with?

A

median nerve compression

41
Q

resistant pronated and flexed wrist increases the?

A

pain with median nerve compression

42
Q

what are the structures of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Median nerve
flexor digitorum profondes (4 tendons)
Flexor digitorum suparfesialis (4 tendons)
Flexor pollicis longus

43
Q

Pain
Paresthesia (increased by night and repetitive hand movements)
Thenar atrophy
Weakness in hand
Symptoms are reduced by shaking hands.

are symptoms of?

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

44
Q

list the test applied for CTS

A

Tinel’s test
commpression tent
phalen

45
Q

2-point discrimination
vibrometer
Semmes- Weinstein Monofilament
are testing?

A

sensory innervation

46
Q

Semmes- Weinstein Monofilament test we start from green till orange.
true or false?

A

false, from orange till green

47
Q

what is the conservative treatment of CTS?

A

Wrist Rest Splint
3 weeks night and day
3 weeks night
NSAIDs
Vitamin B6
Electrotherapy (Iontophoresis, US, Laser)
Exercise
Tendon gliding exercises.
Nerve gliding exercises

48
Q

Patient education
Wrist extension splint
Edema control
Elevation
Compression clothes
Intermittent overhead punch
Contrast Bathroom
Scar Treatment (if)
Exercise (3-5 times a day, 10 repetitions)
Tendon gliding exercises
Nerve gliding exercises
Thumb ROM
isometric strengthening thenar and hypothenar
treatment for?

A

postoperative CTS

49
Q

Abductor polices longus and extensor polices brevis tendons are compressed in?

A

De Quervain Syndrome

50
Q

Swelling in the anatomical snuffbox
Decreased (CMC) abduction (ROM) of the first digit.
thickening of the extensor sheaths of the first dorsal compartment and crepitus
Weakness and paranesthesia in the hand
A provocative Finkelstein test.

in?

A

De Quervain Syndrome

orthopedic (6 decks)

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