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AIIMS > 12.6.2013(pediatrics) 35 > Flashcards

12.6.2013(pediatrics) 35 Flashcards

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0
Q

Poor prognosis in ALL,systemic features

A

Testicular enlargement
Lymph node,liver,spleen enlargement
CNS involvement

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1
Q

Good prognosis in ALL,age and gender

A

1-10yrs,female

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2
Q

Good prognosis in ALL,cytogenetics

A

Trisomies
4,10,17
t(12;21)

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3
Q

Poor prognosis in ALL,cytogenetics

A

t(9;22)
t(4;11)
t(1;19)

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4
Q

Prognosis in ALL,ploidy

A

Hyperdiploidy(good)

Hypodiploidy(poor)

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5
Q

Immunophenotype with good prognosis in ALL

A

Early preB cell

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6
Q

Mediastinal mass in _________ cell ALL

A

T

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7
Q

Commonest type of ALL

A

Early preB cell(2/3)

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8
Q

L1 ALL

A

Small homogenous blast
Scanty cytoplasm
Indistinct nucleoli

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9
Q

L2 ALL

A

Large heterogenous blast
Moderately abundant cytoplasm
Minimal cytoplasmic vacuolation
One or more nucleoli

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10
Q

L3 ALL

A

Large homogenous blast
Abundant cytoplasm
Prominent cytoplasmic vacuolation staining positive for oil red O

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11
Q

Low grade lymphomas

A

Small lymphocytic
Follicular small cleaved cell
Follicular mixed (small cleaved and large cell)

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12
Q

Intermediate grade lymphomas

A

Follicular large cell
Diffuse small cleaved cell
Diffuse mixed
Diffuse large cell

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13
Q

High grade lymphoma

A

Large cell immunoblastic
Lymphoblastic
Small non cleaved cell(burkitt)

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14
Q

Age of onset of whooping cough

A

50% before 2 yrs

35% below 6 months

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15
Q

Whooping cough infectivity

A

1 week before whoop to 3 weeks after it

Maximum infectivity during catarrhal stage

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16
Q

Blood values in whooping cough

A

Absolute lymphocytosis(>10,000)

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17
Q

Causes of whooping cough syndrome

A 
B.parapertussis
B.bronchiseptica
C.trachomatis
CMV
ADENO virus 1,2,5
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18
Q

Stages of whooping cough

A

Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent

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19
Q

Cough in pertussis initially occurs during

A

Night

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20
Q

Whooping cough in infants

A

Apnea without cough

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21
Q

Complications of whooping cough

A 
Otitis media 
Pneumonia
Pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum
Seizures(intracranial bleed)
Encephalopathy
Epistaxis
Inguinal hernia
Rectal prolapse
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22
Q

Rx and Chemoprophylaxis of bordetella pertussis

A

Erythromycin

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23
Q

Trisomy D

A

Patau

Trisomy E(Edward)

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24
Most common congenital heart defect in omphalocele
TOF
25
Syndromes associated with omphalocele
Trisomies D,E,21 | Beckwidth wideman
26
Structure herniating in classic omphalocele
Midgut
27
Pentology of Cantrell is associated with
Foregut omphalocele
28
Hypogastric omphalocele
Imperforate anus Colonic atresia Vesico intestinal fistula Exostrophy of bladder
29
Beckwidth wideman
``` Macroglossia Macrosomia Visceromegaly Pancreatic hyperplasia Diaphragmatic hernia Omphalocele ```
30
Hypoxic insult in term infants
Basal ganglia and thalamus assume marbled appearance STATUS MARMORATUM Spastic quadriplegia
31
Kostmann syndrome
Severe congenital neutropenia
32
Organisms commonly isolated from kostmann syndrome
S.aureus | Gram negative bacilli
33
Kostmann syndrome,Etiology
Defect in gene that codes for G-CSF | Neutrophil arrested in promyelocyte stage
34
Stages of neutrophil development
Myeloblast-promyelocyte-myelocyte-metamyelocyte-band form-neutrophils
35
Shwachman–Diamond syndrome
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency | Neutropenia
36
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and Anemia
Pearson syndrome
37
Cardiac defect in fetal alcohol syndrome
ASD | VSD
38
Fetal alcohol syndrome, Facies
``` Epicanthal folds Small palpebral fissure Low set ears Micrognathia Smooth philtrum Thin upper lips Maxillary hypoplasia ```
39
FAS is associated with
microcephaly,MR,IUGR
40
Vigorous baby
Muscle tone Strong respiratory effort Heart rate >100/min
41
Indication for CPAP in newborn
Laboured breathing | Persistent cyanosis
42
Indication for PPV in newborn
Apnea or gasping | HR<100
43
Drugs used in neonatal resuscitation
Epinephrine Volume expansion(crystalloid or blood) Glucose
44
Indications for noninitiation of resuscitation
GA(<400g) Anencephaly Trisomy 13
45
3 vital characteristics to monitor during neonatal resuscitation
Heart rate RR Spo2
46
Seizures due to hypoglycemia present on
2nd day
47
Hypocalcemic seizures present
After 2nd day
48
Jones criteria | Major
``` Erythema marginatum Subcutaneous nodules Carditis Arthritis Rheumatic chorea ```
49
Minor criteria in jones
Arthralgia Fever Leukocytosis,increased CRP Prolonged PR interval
50
Essential criteria for rheumatic fever
ASO positive throat culture Recent scarlet fever
51
HSP occurs
1-2wks after URT infection
52
Post infectious HSP,causes
``` Bacterial: H.parainfluenzae Legionella Yersinia Mycoplasma Viral ADENO Parvo EBV Varicella MY LEG PARAparesis VEAP ```
53
Vaccines that may cause HSP
``` Cholera Typhoid Measles Paratyphoid A,B Yellow fever ```
54
Drugs causing HSP
``` Ampicillin Erythromycin Penicillin Quinidine Quinine ```
55
Renal involvement in HSP is more likely with
GIT involvement Persistent rash (3months) Episodic Purpura
56
Renal manifestations of HSP
Bladder Wall hematoma Ureteral calcification Hydronephrosis Urethritis
57
Genital manifestation of HSP
Scrotal swelling
58
Coagulation abnormalities in HSP
Decreased factor VIII, XIII | hypoprothrombinemia
59
More common type of primary hyperoxaluria
Type 1
60
Nephrocalcinosis
``` Hyperparathyroidism Hypervitaminosis D Hypophosphatemic rickets Dent disease Multiple myeloma Sarcoidosis Milk alkali syndrome Prolonged immobilisation Hyperoxaluria Hyperuricosuria Bartter Liddle Conn 11beta hydroxylase deficiency RTA1 RENAL CANDIDIASIS Cushing syndrome Cortical necrosis Medullary sponge kidney Prolonged diuretic therapy in premature infant(or prolonged oxygen therapy) ``` Familial benign hypercalcemia and hyperthyroidism don't cause nephrocalcinosis
61
Most common cause of nephrocalcinosis in adults
Primary hyperparathyroidism
62
Second most common cause of nephrocalcinosis
Distal RTA
63
Site of ca++ deposition in Medullary sponge kidney
Inside collecting tubules
64
Mechanism of nephrocalcinosis in hypokalemic states
Reduced urine citrate excretion
65
Absence of which intestinal bacteria is associated with hyperoxaluria
Oxalobacter formigens
66
Drugs causing hyperoxaluria
Methoxy flurane | Ethylene glycol
67
Most common variety of oxaluria in pts with oxalate stones
Idiopathic hyperoxaluria

AIIMS (13 decks)

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