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review of equipment operation & qc > Equipment used in the production of x-rays > Flashcards

Equipment used in the production of x-rays Flashcards

1
Q

Conditions necessary for the production of x-rays

A
  1. Source of electrons
  2. Acceleration of electrons
  3. Sudden stoppage of electrons against target material
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2
Q

What is the source for selecting kVp?

A

Autotransformer

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3
Q

Provides for the variation of voltage flowing in the x-ray circuit and applied to the x-ray tube

A

Autotransformer

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4
Q

Autotranformer operates on the principle of what?

A

Self-induction

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5
Q

Self-induction

A

Single winding of wire incorporates both the primary & secondary coils of the transformer

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6
Q

Prereading voltmeter indicates what?

A

the kilovoltage that will be flowing through the tube once the exposure is made

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7
Q

mAs timer measures what?

A

Measures the total tube current in the shortest amount of time

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8
Q

Where is the mAs timer located?

A

Located after the secondary coil of the high voltage tranformer

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9
Q

AEC stands for?

A

Automatic Exposure Control

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10
Q

What is the purpose of an AEC?

A

To provide consistency of radiographic quality

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11
Q

Explain how AEC works

A

Consists of flat ionization chambers that is between the patient and the receptor. Radiation passes through the ionization chamber & ionizes the gase contained inside. The level of ionization is directly proportional to the density that will appear on the image.

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12
Q

Falling load generator take advantage of what?

A

Short time capabilities & tube heat-loading potential

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13
Q

Explain Falling load generators

A

It calculates the most effecient method of obtaining the required mAs. When the max heat load is reached for that mA, the generator decreases the mA to the next lower level. The exposure continues at a progressivly lower level of mA for the shortest time possible until the mAs is reached.

Falling load generator uses the shortest time possible to obtain the mAs

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14
Q

Disadvantages of Falling load generators

A

Exams which require a long exposure (ex. breathing lateral T-spine) and Rapid sequence exposures in which heat build up in the tube may increase exposure times

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15
Q

Step-up tranformer AKA

A

High-voltage transformer

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16
Q

Step-up transformer consists of what and require what to operate?

A

Consists of primary & secondary coils and require alternating current to operate

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17
Q

Step up tranformer operates on what principle?

A

Mutural Inducton - A magnetic field surrounding a wire wih electricity flowing through it induces (causes) electricity to flow in a second wire placed within the force field

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18
Q

What does a rectifier do?

A

Changes alternating current from the step-up transformer to direct current

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19
Q

Milliammeter (mA meter) measures what?

A

Measures tube current in milliamperes

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20
Q

mA Control (filament circuit) regulates what?

A

The number of electrons avaliable at the filament to produce x-rays

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21
Q

Step-down tranformer reduces ____ and increases ____

A

Reduces voltage and increases current.

22
Q

X-ray tube is made of what two parts?

A

Cathode and Anode

23
Q

Negative side of x-ray tube

A

Cathode

24
Q

Positive side of x-ray tube

A

Anode

25
Q

What does the cathode contain?

A

a focusing cup which surrounds a large and small filament

26
Q

Anode consists of what?

A

A tungston target

27
Q

Rotation of the target in the anode does what?

A

Allows greater heat dissipation

28
Q

Target angle in the anode allows for what?

A

Larger actual forcal spot (area bombarded by electrons), while producing a smaller effective focal spot (area seen on the image receptor)

29
Q

The larger the focal spot, the ____ the heat capacity, the ____ the effective focal spot, the ____ the radiographic image sharpness

A

The larger the focal spot, the greater the heat capacity, the smaller the effective focal spot, the greater the radiographic image sharpness.

30
Q

What is #1

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Control Console

31
Q

What is #2?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Autotransformer

32
Q

What is #3?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Timing circuit and selector

33
Q

What is #4?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

kVp meter

34
Q

What is #5?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Major kVp selector

35
Q

What is #6?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Line Monitor

36
Q

What is #7

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Line componsator switch and meter

37
Q

What is #8?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

Minor kVp selector

38
Q

What is #9?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

mA selector focal spot selector

39
Q

What is #10

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

mA meter

40
Q

What is #11?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

High-Voltage section

41
Q

What is #12?

Simplified electrical circuit diagram for an x-ray machine
A

X-ray Tube

42
Q

What is #1?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Stator

43
Q

What is #2?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Rotor

44
Q

What is #3?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Anode

45
Q

What is #4?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Port

46
Q

What is #5?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Filament in focusing cup

47
Q

What is #6?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Glass envelope

48
Q

What is #7?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Cathode

49
Q

What is #8?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Tungsten/rhenium anode disk

50
Q

What is #9?

Structure of a typical x-ray tube
A

Anode stem

review of equipment operation & qc (6 decks)

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