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(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 > S1_L1-2: Principles Of Intervention & Exercise Prescription > Flashcards

S1_L1-2: Principles Of Intervention & Exercise Prescription Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 signs of inflammation

A
  1. Pain at rest
  2. Swelling (tumor)
  3. Redness (rubor)
  4. Heat (calor)
  5. Loss of function
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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Local endurance is the ability of a muscle to resist fatigue over an extended period of time.

A

True.

Note: muscle endurance is otherwise known as local endurance.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 168

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3
Q

A continuous source of information that provides knowledge of power and result as a person performs routine activities or tries to learn motor skills.

A

Intrinsic feedback

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4
Q

Muscle (1)___ exercises are used during subacute phases because (2)___ muscle fibers are the first to atrophy when there is joint swelling, trauma, or immobilization.

A
  1. Endurance
  2. Slow-twitch

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 328

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The lower extremity musculature of the patient must have a muscle grade of 4 and above to stop the use of assistive devices for ambulation.

A

True.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 331

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When a patient has a chronic inflammation, the physical therapist must treat it as an acute inflammation.

A

True.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 332

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7
Q

Stage/phase wherein there is an observable reduction in wound size.

A

Chronic stage

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 329

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When ROM progressively decreases in subacute phase, the intensity of exercises must be increased.

A

False.

Clinically, this shows that chronic inflammation has developed and intensity of exercise must be decreased to prevent the retracting scar to become more limiting.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 328

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9
Q

To initiate active exercises and stretching, a patient must manifest (1)___, (2)___, & (3)___.

A
  1. Decreased swelling
  2. Pain that is no longer constant
  3. Pain that is not exacerbated by motion in the available range

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 327

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10
Q

If there is a muscle damage or injury, the setting techniques are done with the muscle in the (1)___ position to help maintain mobility of the actin-myosin filament without stressing the breached tissue.

A
  1. Shortened

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 326

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The network of fibril formation is initially random.

A

True

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 324

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: To influence the development of an organized scar begin treatment during the acute stage using passive movements.

A

True.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 324

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: If a rupture or tear is complete, stretching or contraction of a muscle does not cause pain.

A

True.

Reason: The muscle does not pull against the injury (Kisner, 2018, 7th ed)

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14
Q

A muscle must be challenged to perform at a level greater than that to which it is accustomed to.

A

Overload Principle

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15
Q

What does FITT-VP stand for

A

Frequency
Intensity
Time (duration)
Type (mode)
Volume (amount)
Progression

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The physical therapist must teach the stressful exercises first to ensure that the patient will have a good amount of time to practice it before leaving the PT session.

A

False. The easiest and least complicated exercises are taught first.

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Augmented feedback may come from tactile cues

A

True.

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18
Q

A type of feedback that comes from all of the sensory systems of the learner.

A

Intrinsic feedback

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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The physical therapist should ensure that the amount of exercise given at a clinic is equal to the amount of exercise given to a patient on their home exercise program.

A

False.

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20
Q

Refers to the carryover of training effects from the variation of exercise or take to another.

A

Transfer of Training

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21
Q

Muscles hypertrophy with exercise and atrophy with disuse.

A

Principle of Reversibility

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Neural regulation may cause individual variation

A

True.

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23
Q

Every individual have a different response to exercise programs.

A

Principle of Individuality

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24
Q

An individual who engages in PT exercises without a diagnosed movement dysfunction.

A

Client

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25
Q

Small injuries heal with (1)___ while large injureis heal with (2)___.

A
  1. Muscle tissue
  2. Scar tissue
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26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In ligamental injuries, surgical intervention is dependent on the patient’s goal and instability experienced.

A

True.

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27
Q

A type of fracture where a bone is floating between 2 broken segments.

A

Segmental

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28
Q

Callus formation is slower in (1)____ and faster in (2)___

A
  1. Geriatric patients
  2. Pediatric patients
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29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Presence of callus formation allows mobilization.

A

True.

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30
Q

A classification of nerve injury that has loss of axonal continuity.

A

Axonotmesis

31
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Type III nerve injury will have a complete recovery.

A

False.

32
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Stretching may be done when treating a condition on it’s protection phase

A

False.

33
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: There is no muscle atrophy in a neuropraxia kind of nerve injury

A

True.

34
Q

Cause of Neurotmesis

A
  1. Gunshot wound
  2. Stab wounds
  3. Avulsion rupture
35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Chemicals have the capacity to directly injure nerves.

A

False.

36
Q

5 Healing Process of Bone Fracture

A
  1. Hematoma Formation
  2. Cellular Proliferation
  3. Callus Formation
  4. Ossification
  5. Consolidation and Remodeling
37
Q

Skeletal muscle have a high risk for injury in the area of the ___.

A

Myotendinous junction

38
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Healing of bone fracture begins during callus formation.

A

True.

39
Q

An avulsion fracture is classified as a ____ fracture.

A

segmental

40
Q

The reaction stage lasts about ___.

A

4-6 days

41
Q

Stage of repair where signs of inflammation are expected to decrease.

A

Subacute stage

42
Q

This stage of inflammation is characterized by synthesis and deposition if collagen.

A

Subacute stage

43
Q

Stage where fibroblastic activity and granulation tissue development increase.

A

Subacute stage

44
Q

___ is when an injured tissue is stressed beyond its repair.

A

Chronic inflammation

45
Q

Exudation of cells and chemicals happens at the ___ stage

A

Acute

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In the subacute stage, tissues are very fragile and easily injured.

A

True.

47
Q

Pain after tissue resistance is a clinical sign of a ___ stage of Inflammation.

A

Chronic

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Joint effusion is an impairment that happens in the chronic stage of inflammation.

A

False.

Reason: accumulated of fluid happens on the acute stage

49
Q

A cross-sectional rupture is classified as grade ___ or ____ muscle injury.

A

III or severe

50
Q

3 healing process of muscle injuries

A
  1. Destruction phase
  2. Repair phase
  3. Remodelling phase
51
Q

Phagocytosis of necrotic tissue happens on what healing process of muscle injury?

A

Repair phase

52
Q

4 healing process of tendinous injuries

A
  1. Inflammatory phase
  2. Proliferative repair phase
  3. Remodeling phase
  4. Scar formation phase
53
Q

What phase does the correct of faulty biomechanic and compensatory posture happen in tendinous injuries?

A

Proliferative repair phase

54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Prolonged immobilization must be done during tendinous injuries.

A

False. It must be avoided.

55
Q

3 phases of healing for ligamental injuries.

A
  1. Inflammatory
  2. Regenerative
  3. Remodeling
56
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A communited bone fracture is when a bone breaks into many pieces.

A

True.

57
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Immobilization is required until callus formation is seen in bone fractures.

A

True.

58
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: There is a lack of blood supple to the cartilage. This greatly impedes it’s regenerative capabilities.

A

True.

59
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Cartilages are capable of generating pain.

A

False.

They are aneural.

60
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Radiation can directly injure a nerve.

A

True.

61
Q

In cases of axonotmesis and neurotmesis, there is a (1)___ degeneration (2)___ to the lesion

A
  1. Wallerian
  2. Distal
62
Q

In Sunderland’s classification of nerve injury, type IV happens when there is a disruption of the (1)__, (2)___, & (3)___.

A
  1. Axon
  2. Endoneurium
  3. Perineum
63
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In controlled motion phase of rehabilitation, the use of Gr. 3 sustained or Gr. 3-4 oscillations are recommended for stretching exercises.

A

True.

64
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Perceptual training is a kind of therapeutic exercise that a physical therapist may perform on his patient.

A

True.

65
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Tranfers of training may occur from an exercised limb to a non-exercise or contralateral limb in a resistance training program

A

True.

66
Q

Optimal frequency of training is generally ___ days per week.

A

3-4

67
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In progression, (1) ___ must be increased first, followed by the (2) ____, then the (3) ____.

A
  1. Time
  2. Frequency
  3. Intensity
68
Q

(1) ___ is dependent on the feedback on the quality of motion

A

Knowledge of Performance

69
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In inflammatory phase of ligamental injury, deposition of ground substance and disorganized collagen fibers happen.

A

True.

70
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In scar formation phase of tendon injuries, tendon metabolism and vascularity declines.

A

True.

71
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The physical therapist must focus on retaining and re-education of nerve in its chronic phase.

A

False. Training on compensatory techniques must be focused on the chronic stage while retraining and re-education must be focused on the recovery phase.

72
Q

At what muscle healing phase does fibrin and fibronectin form early linkage to prove support against contraction

A

Destruction phase

73
Q

What healing phase of tendinous does induction of fibrous repair happen?

A

Remodeling phase

74
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Overuse is not a factor that can cause bone fracture.

A

False.

(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 (14 decks)

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