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(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 > S1_L5: Resistance Exercises > Flashcards

S1_L5: Resistance Exercises Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 contraindications for strengthening and power exercises.

A
  1. Uncontrolled angina
  2. Uncontrolled hypertension
  3. Uncontrolled dysrhythmias
  4. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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2
Q

Muscle performance can be measured using the following parameters:

A
  1. strength
  2. endurance
  3. power
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3
Q

Maximum power occurs at approximately ____ of maximum velocity

A

1/3

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4
Q

Synergists acts as a _____ when it prevents an undesired
action from one of the movers

A

neutralizers

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5
Q

____ is the product of force and velocity

A

Mechanical power

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6
Q

If pain is present (1)___ resistance of the end-feel, the pt’s symptoms are considered irritable. If pain occurs (2)___ resistance, the pt’s symptoms are not
considered irritable

A
  1. before
  2. after
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7
Q

(1)____ repetitions must be done per exercise for three sets with a recovery period between sets of (2)___ seconds

A
  1. 8-12
  2. 60-90
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8
Q

Name the 3 contraindications to resistance exercise

A
  1. Pain
  2. Inflammation
  3. Severe cardiopulmonary disease

Source: Kisner and Colby 7th ed., Page 207

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Rest period for muscular hypertrophy must be less than 30 seconds.

A

False.

It must be between 60-90 seconds.

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10
Q

The ____ is commonly used to determine a patient’s RPE

A

Borg Scale

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11
Q

___ periodization is characterized by high initial training volume and low intensity.

A
  1. Classic
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12
Q

The ____ is the maximum number of reps an individual can perform at a given weight

A

repetition maximum

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A physical therapist may prescribe more than 5 sets for his patient’s exercise.

A

False.

No more than 3-5 sets are used.

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14
Q

(1)____ muscles, which uses slow-twitch fibers, function as (2)____ muscles. (3)____ muscles, which uses fast-twitch fibers, function as (4)____ muscles.

A
  1. Tonic
  2. Endurance
  3. Phasic
  4. Power
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15
Q

Enumerate the 7 S/Sx of overtraining.

A
  1. Loss of appetite
  2. Inability to sleep
  3. Lethargy
  4. Muscle soreness (most common)
  5. Chronic fatigue
  6. Declining performance
  7. Altered metabolism
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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: DOMS appears 24-56 hours after the exercise bout.

A

True

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Pt is likely to experience DOMS when performing eccentric exercises

A

True

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18
Q

What is the hardest type of muscle contraction to perform for an individual?

A

Eccentric Contraction

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19
Q

____ exercises are designed to work against gravity

A

AROM

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20
Q

Formula to determine 1RM.

A

(weight lifted x # of reps x 0.03) + weight lifted

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21
Q

What does the 2x2 rule state?

A

Load should be increased if an individual can perform 2 or more reps over the assigned reps for that particular exercise over 2 consecutive workouts.

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The key to isokinetic exercise is not the resistance but the speed at which the resistance can be moved.

A

True

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23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In OKC, there is a balance of concentric and eccentric contractions.

A

False.

OKC mainly emphasizes concentric contraction.

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24
Q

___ is considered as the bridge between pure strength and sports-related exercises

A

Plyometrics

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25
Q

___ kinematic chain provides functional recruitment and contractions.

A

Closed

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26
Q

The primary role of this exercise is to prevent atrophy and a subsequent decrease of the ligament, bone, and muscle strength

A

Isometric Exercise

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27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A 5–10-RM testing load is often recommended to estimate the 1-RM

A

True

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.

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28
Q

The (1)____ is based on a rep maximum of 10 (10 RM) while the (2)____ reverses the percentage of maximum in the 3 sets

A
  1. DeLorme program
  2. Oxford technique
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29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Isometric exercises has no flexibility or cardiovascular fitness benefits

A

True

30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A reduction in the time to peak force is seen as an adaptive change in strength training.

A

True

31
Q

The purpose of the recovery phase is to restore the muscles in the body to pre-exercise levels through:

A
  1. promotion of venous turn
  2. removal of metabolites from muscle
  3. reestablishment of fluid balance
  4. replacement of depleted fuel energy reserves
  5. relaxation in muscles that were active
32
Q

How long must a rest period be for increasing muscular strength?

A

2-5 minutes

33
Q

The most effective warm-up consists of both (1)___ and (2)___ exercises.

A
  1. General
  2. Specific
34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Physical Therapists can manipulate muscles to lengthen them during exercises.

A

False.

A muscle does not actually lengthen, it merely returns from its shortened position to its normal resting length

35
Q

(1)___ develops during or directly after strenuous exercise performed to the point of muscle exhaustion and occurs from the inadequate blood flow and oxygenation, combined with a temporary build-up of metabolites such as (2) ____ and (3)____ in the exercised muscle.

A
  1. Acute muscle soreness
  2. Lactic acid
  3. Potassium

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.

36
Q

The term (1)____, sometimes called (2)____, refers to progressive deterioration of strength in muscles already weakened by nonprogressive neuromuscular disease

A
  1. Overwork
  2. Overwork weakness

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.

37
Q

(1)___ is brought on by inadequate rest intervals between exercise sessions, too rapid progression of exercises, and inadequate diet and fluid intake

A
  1. Overtraining

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 204

38
Q

During concentric exercise resistance is applied in the direction (1)____ to the desired motion, whereas during eccentric exercise resistance is applied in the (2)____ direction as the desired motion

A
  1. directly opposite
  2. same

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 202

39
Q

Exercise done when limb movement only occurs distal to the moving joint, and muscle activation occurs in the muscles that cross the moving joint.

A

open chain

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 196

40
Q

_____ exercises are said to emphasize
joint compression and are considered more functional in nature than open kinetic chain exercises.

A

Closed kinetic chain

Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 196

41
Q

___ is the combination of sequentially arranged joints in which the terminal segment is free to move.

A

open kinetic chain

42
Q

Isokinetic exercise is also called _____

A

accommodating resistance exercise

Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 193

43
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: concentric exercise has more mechanical efficiency than eccentric exercise

A

False

Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 191

44
Q

Concentric muscle contractions (1)___ body segments, whereas eccentric contractions (2)____body segments.

A

1.accelerate
2. decelerate

45
Q

____ is an activity in which dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force applied manually or mechanically

A

Resistance exercise

46
Q

The ____ principle is an extension of Wolff’s law and refers to the concept that to improve a specific muscle performance element, the resistance program should be matched to that elements constructs

A

SAID

47
Q

(1)____, also referred to as (2)_____, is a widely accepted concept suggesting that the adaptive effects of training, such as improvement of strength, power, and endurance, are highly specific to the training method employed.

A
  1. Specificity of training
  2. Specificity of exercise
48
Q

(1)___ is an increase in the size of an individual muscle fiber caused by increased myofibrillar volume while (2)____ is an increased number of muscle fibers

A
  1. Hypertrophy
  2. Hyperplasia

Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 177

49
Q

The amount of resistance is also referred to as the (1)____ or (2)____—that is, the extent to which the muscle is loaded or how much weight is raised, lowered, or held.

A
  1. Exercise load
  2. Training load

Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 179

50
Q

2 reasons for determining a RM:

A
  1. to identify an initial exercise load (amount of weight)
    to be used during exercise for a specified number of repetitions
  2. to document a baseline measurement of the
    dynamic strength of a muscle or muscle group
51
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Use of a 1-RM as a baseline measurement of dynamic strength is inappropriate for some patient populations because one maximum effort may require an unsafe amount of exertion (e.g. pt’s with osteoporosis or cardiovascular pathology)

A

TRUE

52
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: There is an inverse relationship between the sets and repetitions of an exercise and the intensity of the resistance.

A

True

53
Q

When injured muscles are immobilized, (1)____muscle fibers atrophy at a faster rate than (2)____ fibers.

A
  1. type I (slow twitch)
  2. type II (fast twitch)
54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Power can be developed and improved by modifying the intensity and speed of training.

A

True

55
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Power exercises should be explosive or ballistic.

A

True

56
Q

A predetermined number of consecutive repetitions
grouped together is known as a ___ or ___ of exercise.

A

set or bout

57
Q

After a beginning exercise load is selected, the target number of repetitions performed for each exercise before a brief rest is often within a range rather than an exact number of repetitions (e.g. complete an exercise between 8 and 10 repetitions against a specified load before resting) This gives the patient flexibility in their exercise program and is referred to as the ____.

A

RM zone

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 107

58
Q

These are muscle that contract statically against the effect of momentum and recoil in certain vigorous movements.

A

Stabilizers / Fixators

59
Q

Basic function of muscles

A

Contraction

60
Q

Eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle slowly (1)____ as it gives in to an external for that is (2)____ that the contractile force is exerting

A
  1. Lengthens
  2. Greater
61
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The type of exercises in a workout session determines what warm-ups should be done

A

True

62
Q

A ____ divides training sessions into groupings, splitting upper and lower body exercises.

A

Split routine

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.

63
Q

A ____ exercise program is when strength training is divided into exercises in which the individual pushes a weight then pulls a weight.

A

Push & pull

64
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fatigue may occur due to insufficient balance

A

True

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.

65
Q

Type II muscles types are primarily innervated by ___

A

Anterior divisions of the nerve plexus

66
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Extensors, external rotators, and abductors are examples of tonic muscles

A

True

67
Q

DOMS appears ___ hours after the exercise bout

A

24-56

68
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Eccentric exercises is indicated when a patient has mechanical joint pain

A

True

69
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The main principle of isokinetic exercises is that peak torque is inversely related to angular velocity

A

True

Source: Kisner and Colby 7th ed.

70
Q

Plyometrics is associated with the enhancement of the ability of muscle-tendon unit to produce maximal force in the shortest amount of time through activation of the ____

A

Myostatic reflex

(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 (14 decks)

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