2. Characterization of caries incipiens, treatment possibility

Question 1

I. Basics
1. Definition of caries

Answer 1

localised destruction of susceptible dental hard tissues by acidic by-products from bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates

Question 2

2. Characteristics of incipiens caries

Answer 2

• A very superficial caries, where no macroscopic material loss
• It is reversible, can be fissure or enamel
  +) Enamel: white or yellowish-white lesions
  +) Fissure: whitish-yellowish or brownish-backish discoloration

Question 3

3. What are the 4 zones of caries incipiens?

Answer 3

1/ Relative intact zone (white spot lesion) SZ
+) 10% mineral loss

2/ the BODY of the lesion (dark)
- Porous matrix compared to the surrounding mineralized zones

3/ Dark Zone
- Less porous, moderate mineral loss

4/ Transzlucent zone TZ
‣ Minimal mineral loss

Question 4

4. What are the 2 types of caries incipens?

Answer 4

• primary (directly from bacterial biofilm)
• secondary (for orthodontic appliances wearers, post removal)

Question 5

5. What are the treatment possibility of caries incipiens?

Answer 5

• Preventative
  o prophylaxis (A dental prophylaxis is a cleaning procedure performed to thoroughly clean the teeth.)
  o remineralisation
  o biofilm modulation (recaldent GC mousse)
  o preventative close of the predilection areas: fissure sealing
• non-invasive/microinvasive:
  o fluoride varnish
  o ozone therapy
  o caries infiltration (MI)