Exam 1 (ch.3)

Question 1

an early English term for jail
First used in 1166\detained offenders waiting for trial, as well as mentally ill, vagrants, and the poor
Deplorable conditions led to the penitentiary Act of 1779
John Howard

Answer 1

Gaol

Question 2

locally operated correctional facilities that confines persons before or after adjudication
Early American jails followed the English model
Used as workhouses and for confinement of offenders
Walnut street jail in Philadelphia
Jails are locally operated correctional facilities that hold individuals before and after adjudication

Answer 2

Jails

Question 3

refers to a small jail with only a few cells and no accommodations for food services, medical care, or recreation

Answer 3

Lockup

Question 4

elected official responsible for overseeing a county jail, generally in rural counties

Answer 4

Sheriff

Question 5

Inmates are booked and given a brief physical and mental health screening
Some inmates are released on bail while others are held for court proceedings
Inmates not released are placed in more permanent housing and classified

Answer 5

Jail process

Question 6

A jail that serves more than one county and is overseen by a regular jail commission

Answer 6

Regional Jail

Question 7

the number of persons per 100,000 who are in jail or prison

Answer 7

Incarceration rates

Question 8

The time served in jail or prison by any inmate

Answer 8

Length of Stay

Question 9

Statistical approaches to consider the risk of escape and violence by inmates

Answer 9

Objective Classification systems

Question 10

housed inmates in a linear design, with cells in long rows and walkways in front of the cells for supervision

Answer 10

First generation jails

Question 11

Common dayroom surrounded by cells
Benefit over first-generation jails include better supervision of inmates, inmate interaction, and lower staff-inmate ratio

Answer 11

Podular designs

Question 12

podular housing designs with remote supervision and electronic controls to open/close doors

Answer 12

Second generation jails

Question 13

correctional officers are located in the unit in direct contact with inmates
Legal issues for jails

Answer 13

Third generation jails

Question 14

-developed punitive intent standard for the Eighth amendment violations

Answer 14

Bell v. Wolfish (1979)

Question 15

staff education to recognize early signs of suicide risks

Answer 15

Suicide prevention programs

Question 16

management of suicidal inmates by placing them in isolation

Answer 16

Suicide watch