#25. Superficial non - purulent keratitis. Flashcards
What is Keratitis?
- INFLAMMATION of the CORNEA
What are the TYPES of Keratitis?
1) SUPERFICIAL
a. Purulent = Bacterial / Fungal
b. Non-Purulent = Viral / Allergic
2) DEEP
What are 2 FORMS of Superficial NON-PURULENT KERATITIS?
1) HERPES SIMPLEX Keratitis
2) HERPES ZOSTER Keratitis
What are 2 TYPES of INFECTIONS in HERPES SIMPLEX Keratitis?
A) PRIMARY INFECTION
- Cause CONJUNCTIVITIS
- With / Without Punctuate Keratitis
B) RECURRENT INFECTION
- REACTIVATION of the LATENT Virus
- Travels to Nerve Terminals in Corneal EPITHELIUM, causing Epithelium Keratitis
What are the SIGNS & SYMPTOMS of HERPES SIMPLEX Keratitis?
- Dendritic Ulcer, which MAY heal WITHOUT a Scar
- May PROGRESS to a STROMAL Keratitis
- Associated with Inflammatory Infiltration, Oedema
- LOSS of Corneal Transparency
- PERMANENT Scarring
What is the DIAGNOSIS for HERPES SIMPLEX Keratitis?
- Immunological tests
- Tissue Biopsy
- Tissue Culture
What is the TREATMENT for HERPES SIMPLEX Keratitis?
- Antiviral Drugs
- Debridement
- Atropine
- Topical Corticosteroids
What is HERPES ZOSTER Keratitis?
- Keratitis DUE to ENDOGENOUS RECURRENCE of CHICKENPOX
- Where OPHTHALMIC DIVISION is affected
What are the CLINCAL STAGES of HERPES ZOSTER Keratitis?
1) Acute = Within first 4 weeks
2) Chronic = Persist for Several Years (10 years)
3) Relapsing = Recurrence even years later
What are the SYMPTOMS of HERPES ZOSTER Keratitis?
- VESICULAR ERUPTION along Branches of Ophthalmic Division of 5th Cranial Nerve
- SEVERE Neuralgic Pain
- Fever, Malaise
- Skin of Eyelid / Face become RED + OEDEMATOUS
What is the TREATMENT for HERPES ZOSTER Keratitis?
- SYSTEMIC Antiviral Agents
- Steroid-Antibiotic Preparations
- Topical Steroids
