Topic 2: Cell Physiology 1 - Membrane Transport (Active) Flashcards
1
Q
What do active processes require?
A
energy (ATP)
2
Q
What is active transport?
A
- substances move against CG (low to high)
3
Q
What are the types of active processes?
A
- active transport
- vesicular transport
4
Q
Active TRANSPORT always requires ____ ____.
A
protein carriers
5
Q
What are the two types of active transport?
A
- primary
- secondary
6
Q
What is primary active transport? (2)
A
- molecular pumps
- ATP breakdown is directly part of the transport process
7
Q
What is an example of primary active transport?
A
- sodium potassium - ATPase pump
- 3 sodium out, 2 K+ in per ATP
8
Q
What is secondary active transport?
A
- cotransport (use of ATP is indirect)
ex. glucose entry at small intestine
9
Q
Why is glucose entry into the small intestine secondary active transport? (4)
A
- Na+ gradient established by Na+/K+ - ATPase
- glucose and Na+ both must bind to carrier
- cotransported into the cell
- Na+ moving down its CG drives in glucose against its CG (transport step)
10
Q
What is vesicular transport?
A
- substance is surrounded by a membrane within a cell (vesicle)
11
Q
What are the two types of vesicular transport?
A
Endocytosis and exocytosis
12
Q
What is endocytosis?
A
Movement into a cell
13
Q
What are the two types of endocytosis?
A
Phagocytosis and pinocytosis
14
Q
What is phagocytosis? (2)
A
- large items into cell (ex. Bacteria)
- “cell eating”
15
Q
What is pinocytosis? (2)
A
- fluids (and dissolved substances)
- “cell drinking”
