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FTM 1 > Lecture 20-Signal Transduction > Flashcards

Lecture 20-Signal Transduction Flashcards

1
Q

Cell surface Receptor characteristics (5)

Examples too

A
  1. Hormone hydrophilic
  2. Extracellular domain for binding hormone/signal
  3. Intracellular domain for signal transduction
  4. Use of second messengers
  5. RAPID RESPONSE
    Examples: peptide-hormones (insulin, glucagon, epi, Acth, GABA, Eicosanoids)
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2
Q

Intracellular Receptors characteristics (6)

Examples too

A
  1. Lipophilic/hydrophilic signals difuse through plasma membrane
  2. Located in nucleus
  3. Conformational change on binding hormone
  4. Bind to specific regions of the DNA
  5. Gene expression
  6. SLOW RESPONSE
    Examples: Steroid hormones, thyroxine, Vit. A,D
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3
Q

What are the two examples of Autocrine signaling?

A
  1. Growth Factor
  2. Eicosanoids
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4
Q

What are the 4 examples of Paracrine signaling?

A
  1. Neurotransmitters
  2. Growth Factors
  3. Eicosanoids
  4. NO
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5
Q

What are the 4 examples of Paracrine signaling?

A
  1. Neurotransmitters
  2. Growth Factors
  3. Eicosanoids
  4. NO
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6
Q

Are receptors specific or are hormones specific for a type of cell?

A

Receptors are specific. A hormone can bind to more than 1 type of receptor

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7
Q

Examples of steroid and thryoid receptor family (7)

A
  1. Testosterone
  2. Estrogen
  3. Cortisol
  4. Aldosterone
  5. Vit. D
  6. Vit. A
  7. Thyroid hormone
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8
Q

Examples of Ligand gated signaling molecules (4)

A
  1. Nicotinic ACh receptors
  2. Glutamate receptors (Ionotropic)
  3. GABA-A receptors
  4. Glycine receptors
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9
Q

What is an example of a Catalytic receptor (receptor enzyme)

A

Insuline Receptor Tyrosine Kinase

Action: binding of ligand (insulin) ATP cleavage and autophosphorylation

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10
Q

Action steps of GLUT 4 (6)

A
  1. Insulin binds to extracellular receptor
  2. GLUT 4 translocation from Golgi to plasma membrane
  3. Vesicle containing GLUT 4 binds and fuses to plasma membrane
  4. Glucose transport allowed in response to insulin
  5. Insulin dissociates from receptors (inactivation)
  6. Vesicles containing GLUT 4 translocated back to Golgi for storage
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11
Q

Examples of 2nd messengers (4)

A
  1. Adenylate cyclase system produces cAMP
    Calcium phsphatidylinositol system produces:
  2. Ca 2+
  3. IP3
  4. DAG
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12
Q

When GDP is binded to G protein is it activated or deactivated?

A

Deactivated

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13
Q

G alpha q activates what?

Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor

A

Activates phospholipase C
Increases: IP3, DAG, Ca2+

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14
Q

G alpha i does what?

Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor

A

Inhibits adenylate cyclase
Decrease cAMP levels

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15
Q

G alpha s does what?

Beta adrenergic receptor (glucagon)

A

Activate adenylate cyclase
Increase cAMP levels

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FTM 1 (15 decks)

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