Pleural Ultrasound

Question 1

Which is the most superficial pleura

Answer 1

Parietal

Question 2

Which is the less superficial pleura

Answer 2

Visceral

Question 3

What is the glide sign

Answer 3

The 2 pleura moving over one another- should be smooth- some lumps normal particularly for large animals living in dusty condition

Question 4

what are reverberation artefacts

Answer 4

Lots of straight lines coming off the pleura- shows whether pleural surface is smooth

Question 5

2 probes that are used for pleural ultrasound

Answer 5

High frequency linear or micro convex

Question 6

3 examples of pathologies seen on pleural ultrasound in small animals

Answer 6

Fluid in chest
pneumothorax
thoracic disease

Question 7

2 examples of pathologies seen on pleural ultrasound in farm animals

Answer 7

bovine respiratory tract disease
pneumothorax

Question 8

3 examples of pathologies seen on pleural ultrasound in horses

Answer 8

severity of equine asthma
pleural effusion
pneumonia with consolidated lung

Question 9

how should lung surface appear on ultrasound

Answer 9

vertical with no surface consolidation

Question 10

What do white artefacts indicate on pleural ultrasound

Answer 10

Oedema

Question 11

What is shred on pleural ultrasound

Answer 11

consolidated lung with air bronchogram- white lines within where air is trapped in bronchioles)

Question 12

What are tissue signs in pleural ultrasound

Answer 12

solid pieces of consolidated tissue where there is no air left in them

Question 13

What could nodules seen in pleural ultrasound be

Answer 13

abscess, granuloma, neoplasia

Question 14

What could fluid seen on pleural ultrasound be

Answer 14

Chyle, transudate (heart failure),exudate (pleuropneumonia), abscess/pus
Will collect ventrally- examine patient in ventral recumbency

Question 15

What is seen in ultrasound on pneumothorax

Answer 15

Will see thicker parietal pleura
Line won’t glide