Integument System

Question 1

Functions of the integument(Skin)?

Answer 1

Protection
H2O resistant
temperature regulation
Secretion
vitamin D synthesis
Sensory reception
Immune Defense

Question 2

What tissue makes up the epidermis?

Answer 2

Keratinized striated squamous epithelium

Question 3

Is the epidermis vascular?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What are epidermal ridges?

Answer 4

rounded protrusions that interlock with the dermis papilae

Question 5

What tissues makes up the Dermis?

Answer 5

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 6

What tissue makes up the subcutaneous layer?

Answer 6

Areolar and Adipose

Question 7

Is the subcutaneous layer apart of the integument?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What is the most numerous cell of the epidermis?

Answer 8

Keratinocytes

Question 9

What do keratinocytes do?

Answer 9

Produce keratin

Question 10

Where do keratinocytes replicate and then die?

Answer 10

replicate at the stratum basale layer and die in the stratum granulosum then migrate to the stratum corneum to be sluffed off

Question 11

What are melanocytes?

Answer 11

Cells that produce melanin but the pigment is transferred into the keratinocytes

Question 12

Where are melanocytes found?

Answer 12

Stratum basale

Question 13

What are tactile cells?

Answer 13

Tactile sensation
connected to nerve endings

Question 14

Where are tactile cells found?

Answer 14

Stratum basale

Question 15

What are epidermal dendritic cells?

Answer 15

They phagocytose bacteria and foreign debris

Question 16

Where are epidermal dendritic cells found?

Answer 16

Stratum spinosum

Question 17

What are the layer of the epidermis from deep to superficial?

Answer 17

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum Lucidum (thick)
Stratum corneum

Question 18

What is the stratum basale?

Answer 18

Single layer of columnar/cuboidal keratinocytes resting on a basement membrane
constantly dividing

Question 19

What is the stratum spinosum?

Answer 19

Several layers of polygonal-shaped keratinocytes

Question 20

What is the stratum granulosum?

Answer 20

3-5 layers of granular flattened keratinocytes
keratinization begins here
cells die and are filled with keratin
Cells are now dead

Question 21

What is the stratum lucidum?

Answer 21

Only in thick skin
2-3 layers of pale, flattened, anucleate keratinocytes

Question 22

What is the stratum Corneum?

Answer 22

most superficial layer
20-30 layers of dead, anucleate keratinocytes

Question 23

What are the layers of the dermis?

Answer 23

Papillary and reticular

Question 24

What is the papillary layer?

Answer 24

Most superficial layer
contains dermal papillae

Question 25

What is the reticular layer?

Answer 25

Deep to the papillary layer
contains: sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, arrector pili muscles

Question 26

What tissue is the dermis made of?

Answer 26

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 27

What are the epidermal accessory organ formed by?

Answer 27

Epidermis invaginating into the dermis

Question 28

What are nails?

Answer 28

Formed by stratum corneum
Functions: protect tips of fingers and toes, help with grasping

Question 29

What are hairs?

Answer 29

Associated with sebaceous glands and arrector pili muscles
Functions: protection from UV, sensory reception, heat retention

Question 30

What are arrector pili muscles?

Answer 30

Smooth muscles that make hairs stand on end

Question 31

What are the two exocrine glands in the dermis?

Answer 31

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands

Question 32

What is the location of the glands?

Answer 32

reticular layer

Question 33

What are sebaceous glands?

Answer 33

Holocrine glands
secrete sebum(oil)
Functions: Lube and water proof epidermis, protects hair from being brittle