Chapter 9

Question 1

Assessment process is broken down into what five parts?

Answer 1

Scene size-up
Primary assessment
history taking
Secondary assessment
Reassessment

Question 2

Be able to distinguish between a sign and a symptom

Answer 2

Symptom is a subjective condition that the patient feels and tells you about.

A sign is an objective condition that you can observe or measure.

Question 3

When does scene safety occur?

Answer 3

First thing when you arrive on the scene.

Question 4

What is the difference between MOI and NOI?

Answer 4

Mechanism of injury (MOI)
The forces, or energy transmission, applied to the body that cause injury

Nature of illness (NOI)
The general type of illness a patient is experiencing.

Question 5

What is chief complaint?

Answer 5

The reason a patient called for help; also, the patient’s response to questions such as “what’s wrong?” or “what happened?”

Question 6

What is personal protective equipment (PPE)?

Answer 6

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or hazardous material.

Question 7

Be able to break down the components of the incident command system

Answer 7

With multiple patients, use the incident, command system, call for additional resources, and then begin triage.

Question 8

What is triage?

Answer 8

Triage is the process of sorting patients based on the severity of their condition.

Question 9

What occurs during the primary assessment and how long should it take?

Answer 9

A step within the patient assessment process that identifies and initiates treatment of immediate and potential life-threats
It should only take a few minutes for the primary assessment

Question 10

When would you perform a rapid exam versus a focused exam on a medical or trauma patient?

Answer 10

RAPID MEDICAL ASSESSMENT – performed on patients who are unconscious, confused, or unable to adequately relate their chief complaint

Question 11

What does it mean to form a general impression of your patient?

Answer 11

The overall initial impression that determines the priority of patient care; based on the patient’s surrounding, the mechanism of injury, signs and symptoms, and the chief complaint.

Question 12

What scale is used to assess a patient level of consciousness?

Answer 12

The AVPU scale

Question 13

What does it mean if you were to say the patient is A&O x 4

Answer 13

someone who is alert and oriented to person, place, time and event.

Question 14

What is a priapism?

Answer 14

A painful, tender, persistent erection of the penis; can result of spinal cord injury, erectile dysfunction drugs, or sickle cell disease.

Question 15

What is a distracting injury?

Answer 15

An injury that prevents the patient from noticing other injuries he or she may have, even severe injuries; for example, a painful femur or tibia fracture that prevents the patient from noticing back pain associated with a spinal fracture

Question 16

What pulse point would you assess on a conscious adult versus an unconscious adult?

Answer 16

Conscious adults should get a radial pulse check and unconscious adults should get a carotid check

Question 17

Be able to identify the different skin colors:

Cyanosis (peripheral & central)
Jaundice

Answer 17

Cyanosis; a blue – gray skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood

Jaundice; yellow skin or sclera that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction

Question 18

What is the medical term for sweaty skin?

Answer 18

hyperhidrosis

Question 19

What is normal capillary refill time?

Answer 19

2 seconds or less

Question 20

Be able to identify the components of DCAP-BLS-TIC

Answer 20

An acronym that stands for deformities, contusions, abrasions, penetrations/perforations, burns, lacerations, and swelling, tenderness, instability, and crepitus

Question 21

What is the “golden hour”?

Answer 21

The time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock and traumatic injuries should occur because survival potential is best; also called the Golden Period.

Question 22

Be able to identify the components of OPQRST-ASPN

Answer 22

Onset
Provocation/palliation
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Time
Associated Symptoms
Pertinent Negatives

Question 23

Be able to identify the components of SAMPLE

Answer 23

Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Pertinent past medical history
Events leading up to the injury or illness

Question 24

What is differential diagnosis?

Answer 24

The process of distinguishing one disease or health problem from another.

Question 25

What are the steps in which you should conduct a physical examination?

Answer 25

Inspection
Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion

Question 26

What is the Glasgow Coma Scale? How many points can be awarded to a patient?

Answer 26

The GCS is the most widely used method of evaluating a child’s neurologic function and has 3 components. Individual scores for eye opening, verbal response, and motor response are added together, with a maximum of 15 points

Question 27

What is PMS (also known as CMS)

Answer 27

PMS gathers performance and risk metrics on Medicare and Medicaid programs from internal and external sources and provides interactive dashboards (data visualization) to CMS leadership.

Question 28

How often do you obtain VS on a critical and non-critical patient?

Answer 28

A patient in unstable condition should be reassessed approximately every 5 minutes, whereas a patient in stable condition should be reassessed approximately every 15 minutes

Question 29

How is assessing the abdomen different from the other body compartments?

Answer 29

With abdominal assessment, you inspect first, then auscultate, percuss, and palpate. This order is different from the rest of the body systems, for which you inspect, then percuss, palpate, and auscultate

Question 30

What is “Guarding”?

Answer 30

Involuntary muscle contractions of the abdominal wall to minimize the pain of abdominal movement; a sign of peritonitis