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Anatomy > Body Structures&Anatomical Positions > Flashcards

Body Structures&Anatomical Positions Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical position

A

Standing up straight
Arms at the side
Face, feet and palms facing forward

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2
Q

Body planes

A

Sagittal plane
Transverse plane
Frontal plane

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3
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divided the body length wise into right and left sides
Used to illustrate the organs on the head or pelvic cavity

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4
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body horizontally into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions
Used to reveal internal organs

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5
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divided the body lengthwise into anterior and posterior portions
Shows the abdominal and thoracic cavities

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6
Q

Integumentary system

A

Consists of skin hair and nails
Function; protection , temperature, regulation , water retention

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7
Q

Skeletal system

A

Bones, cartilage and ligaments
Function; protection of body organs , support, movement and blood formulation

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8
Q

Muscular system

A

Consists of skeletal muscles
Function; movement, posture and heat production

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9
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Consists lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph thymus, spleen and tonsils
Function; role in fluid balance, productions of immune cells; defence against disease

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10
Q

Respiratory system

A

Consists of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Function; Absorption of oxygen , discharge of carbon dioxide;l, acid-base balance, and speech

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11
Q

Urinary system

A

Consists of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Function: excretion of wastes, regulation of blood volume and pressure and control of fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance

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12
Q

Nervous system

A

Consists brain, spinal cord, nerves and sense organs
Function: control regulation, and coordination of other systems, sensation, memory

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13
Q

Endocrine system

A

Consists of pituitary gland, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid and other organs
Function: hormone production, control and regulation of other systems

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14
Q

Circulatory system

A

Consists of heart, arteries, veins and capillaries
Function/ Distribution of oxygen and nutrients , waste, hormones, electrolytes, immune cells and antibodies

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15
Q

Digestive system

A

Consists stomach, small intestine, large intestines, esophagus, liver, mouth and pancreas
Function/ breakdown and absorption of nutrients & eliminates wastes

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16
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Consists testes, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles, and penis
Function: production & delivery of sperm, secretion of sex hormones

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17
Q

Female reproductive system

A

Consists ovaries, Fallopian tube, uterus, vagina and breast
Function; production of eggs, site of fertilization & fetal development; birth; lactation and secretion of sex hormones

18
Q

Medial

A

Toward the body’s midline

19
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the body’s midline

20
Q

Distal

A

Farthest from the point of origin

21
Q

Proximal

A

Closest to the point of origin

22
Q

Superior

A

Above

23
Q

Inferior

A

Below

24
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

Towards the front of the body

25
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Toward the back of the body

26
Q

Superficial

A

At or near the body’s surface

27
Q

Deep

A

Away from the body’s surface

28
Q

Body cavities
Thoracic cavity

A

Mediastinum
Pleural cavity

29
Q

Andominopelvic cavity

A

Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity

30
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Cranial cavity
Diaphragm
Spinal cavity

31
Q

Ventral cavity

A

Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity

32
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Formed by the skull
Contains the brain

33
Q

Spinal cavity

A

Formed by the vertebra
Contains the spinal cord

34
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Surrounded by the ribs and chest muscles
Subdivided into two pleural cavities (each containing a lung) and mediastinum
Mediastinum containers heart, large vessel of the heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus

35
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Subdivided into abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
Abdominal contains stomach, insetines, spleen , liver
Pelvic contains bladder, reporductive organs and rectum

36
Q

Abdominal regions (9)

A

Right hypochondriac region
Right lumbar region
Right iliac region
Epigastric region
Umbilical region
Hypogastric region
Left hypochondriac region
Left lumbar region
Left iliac region

37
Q

Abdominal quadrants

A

right upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Left lower quadrant

38
Q

Homeostasis

A

The state of dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment of the body

39
Q

Negative feedback

A

When the effector opposes the stimulus, and reverses the direction of change

40
Q

Positive feeeback

A

When the effector reinforces the stimulus and amplifies the direction of change

Anatomy (9 decks)

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