Atoms, ions and isotopes Flashcards
What happens to group 1 and 2 METALS in ionic bonding
Group 1 metals always lose 1 electron to form positive ions with a charge of +1.
Group 2 metals always lose 2 electrons as that is the number in the outer shell
What happens to Non-metals (groups 6 & 7)
Non-metal atoms always gain electrons to form negative ions.
They are in group 6/7 so is easier to gain electrons than lose
what do materials with ionic bonds have
high melting point
only conduct electricity when molten/dissolved in water
Why can ionic compounds only conduct electricity when in liquid/molten form
The ions are free to move and carry charge
What causes the high melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?
Ionic bonds are very strong, and a high amount of energy is required to break the bonds.
What three properties do ionic compounds have?
High melting and boiling points
Brittle
Conduct electricity when molten/dissolved in water
What is the 3D structure formed by ionic compounds as a result of ionic bonding?
Giant ionic lattice
What is an ionic compound?
A compound containing ions held together by electrostatic attraction
What is a ball and stick diagram
a way of representing molecules or compounds
atoms (ions) are represented by balls
bonds are represented with sticks/ lines
describe the structure of an ionic compound
giant ionic lattice structure with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
The ions are closely packed
when do ionic compounds conduct electricity
when molten or dissolved in water
what are the properties of an ionic compound
High melting/ boiling point
Conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water
why are ball and stick diagrams not realistic
Show gaps between atoms
How is an ionic compound held together
Electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions which act in all directions
