Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Biomedical instrumentation > Flashcards

Biomedical instrumentation Flashcards

1
Q

Cornea

A

Hoornvlies, layer around the whole cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Myopia

A

Shortsighted, focal plane towards middle of eyeball, concave lens to cure it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Myperopia

A

Farsightness, focal plane outside eyeball, convex (bol) lens to cure it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Astagmatism

A

Eye has the form of a rugbyball, cylindrical glasses to cure it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Presbyopia

A

Bad accomodation (changing of thickness cell), reading glasses needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Retina

A

Netvlies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rods

A

Very sensitive, coupled, detect contrast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cones

A

Detect details and colours, three different types: L (red), M (green), S (blue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Spatial resolution

A

The smallest resolution the eye can see in high contrast–> result of this test is calles the visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Visual acuity

A

Result of testing the spatial resoluting with the formula: VA = d/D. d = testing distance, D = denominator of Snellen (only very high in the center of the retina)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Spherical aberrations

A

Optical quality reduction due to large pupil size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chromatic aberration

A

White light entering the lens –> colours divided –> only one colour will be sharp at a time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eccentricity

A

Distance from the center of the retina to the peryphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Visual acuity is decreased due to blood inside the eye (mostly elderly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Optic atrophy

A

Optic nerve has died so no more signals toward the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Threshold contrast

A

Lowest contrast that can be seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Contrast sensitivity

A

1/threshold contrast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Perimetry

A

A test to measure the visual field (‘folow the finger’)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Deutan

A

Colour blindness with abscence of green cone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Protan

A

Colour blindness with abscence of red cone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

EPSP

A

Excitatory post-synaptic potentials, depolarisation after influx Na+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

IPSP

A

Inhibitory post-synaptic potential, hyperpolarisation by Cl-

23
Q

EEG

A

Electroencephalography, measures electrical potential difference over time, measures activity of areas, salt paste inproves contact with skin (measured on head)

24
Q

EEG artifacts

A

unwantes recorded activity due to biological (blinking eye) or technical (movement) reasons

25
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Pressure on the median nerve when carpal tunnel is too small –> tingling, weakness (aangeboren, hormonal, trauma)

26
Q

ENG

A

Electroneurography, test for carpal tunnel syndrome, nerves stimulated –> AP –> arrival at atter point along nerve is measured (muscle contraction) (velocity = distance/time)

27
Q

CAMP

A

Compound muscle action potential, many muscle fibers contract

28
Q

Latency

A

Time it takes between stimulus and reaction

29
Q

Amplitude in an ENG

A

Number of activated muscle fibers

30
Q

Axonal degeneration

A

Individual axons are lost –> CMAP amplitude lower

31
Q

Segmental demyelination

A

Myeline sheets are lost –> broader CMAP

32
Q

Conduction block

A

Signal stops

33
Q

DSL

A

Distal sensory latency, time between stimulation of the nerve and recording of the AP

34
Q

EMG

A

Elctromyography, electical activity due to muscle contraction, measured on skin or in muscle (needle), used to find diseases

35
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Demyelinating disease of the CNS by own immune system, first the optic nerve

36
Q

Evoked potential

A

Measuring electrical activity in certain areas, demonstrating abnormal sensory functions (but always background activity, so it’s an avarage) activity can be tones (BAEP), shocks (SEP) or visual (VEP)

37
Q

VEP

A

Visual evoked potential, flashes

38
Q

Optic chiasm

A

Cross of medial optic nerves in central of the brain

39
Q

Left retina

A

Half field stimulation of the eyes (left) (left virtual cortex AP)

40
Q

Right eye full-fiels stimulation

A

One eye covered, other fully stimulated –> left and right cortex AP

41
Q

SSEP

A

Somatosensory evoked potential, electrical stimulation in wrist or ankle, electrone placed on clavicle (erb’s point) and C7 vertebra, SSEP is used during surgery to monitor somatosensory system

42
Q

BAEP

A

Brainstem auditory evoked potential, very short clicks, detecting auditory diseases

43
Q

Fourier analysis

A

Describing a signal with a bunch of sinusoids with differen frequences

44
Q

Pinna

A

External part ear

45
Q

Cochlea

A

Slakkenhuis, basilar membrane vibrates (high frequencies at start, low at end), scala vestibula –> oval niche

46
Q

Middle ear

A

Air vibration –> mechanical vibration –> fluid vibration, bony ossicles (protects from pressure changes)

47
Q

Haircells

A

When basilar membran vibrates (inside cochlea) –> electro vibration (nerve impulse)

48
Q

Inner hair cells

A

Detecting sounds innervated by type 1 spiral ganglion neurons

49
Q

Outer hair cells

A

Deliver sound energy innervated by type 2 SGN, recieving infromation of the brainstem

50
Q

Interaural attenuation

A

Theshold of vibration of the skull with headphones (40 dB), should be as high as possible when you want to exclude one ear

51
Q

Otoacoustic emissions

A

Nearly inaudible sount that OHC echo back into the middle ear

52
Q

BERA

A

Brainstem evoked response audiometry, detects electical activity of inner ear

53
Q

ASSR

A

Same as BERA but the mid latency response is evaluated

Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions