Physiology lecture 3

Question 1

Glomerulus

Answer 1

found in cortex, forms filtrate from blood

Question 2

tubule

Answer 2

found in medulla, processes filtrate to form urine, consists of proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, collecting ducts

Question 3

Cortical nephron

Answer 3

nephron in outer cortex of the renal, short loop of henle, rapid blood flow, majority of nephrons

Question 4

juxtamedullary nephron

Answer 4

inner part of cortex, long loop of henle, deeper in medulla, slow filtration of blood

Question 5

Podocytes

Answer 5

cells associated with vesicles, stabilizes whole renal setup and allowing filtrate going through

Question 6

filtration membrane

Answer 6

one layer of capillary cells in bowmans capsule, filtration slits between the cells

Question 7

Proximal tube

Answer 7

reabsorbes all nutrients back into the blood by active reabsorption

Question 8

ADH

Answer 8

released by hypothalamus when the concentration rises –> collecting duct walls more permeable –> more water reabsorbed

Question 9

function of the kidney

Answer 9

• regulation of water, electrolyte balance, pH
• removal of waste from blood and excretion of urine
• secretion of hormones

Question 10

primary active transport

Answer 10

ATP driven, direct, e.g. transport of sodium

Question 11

secondary active transport

Answer 11

ATP driven, concentration gradient driven, excange of sodium atom with hydrogen atom

Question 12

pinocytosis transport

Answer 12

with enclosed vesicles, go to cell, fuses and releases stuf

Question 13

passive transport

Answer 13

diffusion/osmosis

Question 14

parathyroid hormone

Answer 14

increases calcium reabsorption in the thick ascendinh loops of henle, reduces urinary excretion of calcium

Question 15

descending limb

Answer 15

water going out, NaCl going in

Question 16

ascending limb

Answer 16

no water going out, only Na+ and Cl- going out active