Lecture 4 - Embryogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Embryonic Germ Layers

A
  1. Endoderm
  2. Mesoderm
  3. Ectoderm
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2
Q

embryonic origins from the ectoderm

A

Reproductive Tract
- external vagina or penile sheath
- clitoris or penis

Nervous System
- hypothalamus
- pituitary

Oral cavity

Nasal cavity

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3
Q

embryonic origins from the mesoderm

A

Repro System
- gonads
- uterus, cervix, internal vagina
- epididymus, ductus, deferens, accessory sex glands

Urinary System
Skeletal System
Blood Vessles
Muscle

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4
Q

embryonic origins from the endoderm

A

Digestive System
Respiratory System
Glandular Systems

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5
Q

embryonic development of the reproductive system

A
  1. development of hypothalamic-hypophyseal systems
  2. primordial germ cells migrate from yolk sac
  3. sex cord development in the gonad and mesonephric renal system regression/transformation
  4. sexual differentiation
  5. development of female tract and ovaries
  6. formation of broad ligament
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6
Q

Gestation period of cattle

A

280-290 days

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7
Q

gestation period of sheep

A

145-150 days

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8
Q

gestation period of swine

A

114 days

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9
Q

gestation period of dog

A

60-65 days

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10
Q

gestation period of cat

A

63-67 days

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11
Q

Why are the anterior and posterior pituitary so different?

A
  • posterior originates from infundibulum coming from the 3rd ventricle (neural tissue)
  • anterior originates from Ratheke’s pouch which was apart of the embryonic mouth (glandular)
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12
Q

Why do germ cells migrate into the gonadal ride of the embryo?

A

to form any tissue type

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13
Q

What does the repro system develop in close proximity to?

A

renal system

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14
Q

Three embryonic renal systems

A
  1. pronephroes
  2. mesonephros
  3. metanephros
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15
Q

Pronephros

A

most primitive form of kidney found in developing embryo- limited fxn and eventually degenerates

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16
Q

Mesonephros

A
  • early kidneys of emrbyo regresses and gives way to metanephros
  • remnants of regressing mesonephric renal system become portions of repro tract
17
Q

What do remnants of regressing mesonephric renal system become?

A
  1. mesonephric ducts = male repro tract
  2. paramesonephric ducts = female repro tract
18
Q

Metanephros

A

final renal system that becomes fxning kidneys

19
Q

Sex determining factors

A

Female
- no TDF
- ovaries develop
- no AMH
- Paramesonephric duct becomes the oviducts, uterus, cervix and part of the vagina
- complete female tract

20
Q

Where is AMH secreted from

A

sertoli cells of the testis

21
Q

What female organ does the paramesonephros duct turn into?

A
  • oviducts, uterus, cervix, cranial vagina
22
Q

What female organ does the mesonephros duct turn into

A

regresses

23
Q

What female organ does the urogenital sinus turn into?

A

urethra, caudal vagina

24
Q

Gonadal dysgenesis

A
  • incomplete development of gonads
  • ex. Turner syndrome; only 1 X chromosome so ovary doesn’t fully develop
25
Q

Hermmaphrodites

A

-have both ovarian and testicular tissues
- ex. FREEMARTIN