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ANSC 312 - Repro Physiology > Lecture 3 - Female Reproductive Tract > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Female Reproductive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Broad ligament

A
  • suspends the repro tract in the abdomen and houses the vascular supply, lymphatic drainage, and nerves for the female tract
  • each segment of the BL interacts with a different portion of the tract
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2
Q

3 segments of the broad ligament

A
  1. Mesovarium
  2. Mesosalpinx
  3. Mesometrium
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3
Q

Mesovarium

A
  • houses vascular supply, lymphatic drainage, and nerves for the OVARY
  • forms the ovarian stem = hilus
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4
Q

Mesosalpinx

A
  • thin, transparent segment of the BL that supports the oviduct
  • forms a pouch around the ovary = bursa
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5
Q

Mesometrium

A
  • largest portion of BL
  • supports the UTERINE HORNS- suspended from the dorsal body wall
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6
Q

Utero-ovarian ligament

A

attaches the ovary and the uterus but is not apart of the BL

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7
Q

Area of the ovary where there is follicular development

A

cortex

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8
Q

atretic follicle

A

developing follicle that is deteriorating

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9
Q

mature pre-ovulatory follicle

A

antral/graafian follicle

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10
Q

4 layers of the female tract

A
  1. serosa (outer layer)
  2. muscularis
  3. submucosa
  4. mucosa
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11
Q

Serosa

A
  • single layer of flattened cells that cover the female tract (like skin)
  • exposed to other organs in the abdomen
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12
Q

Muscularis

A
  • double layer of smooth muscles; other longitudinal layer, inner circular layer
  • allows tissues to contract (transport)
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13
Q

Submucosa

A
  • houses blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
  • supporting layer for mucosa
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14
Q

Mucosa

A
  • secretory layer of epithelium in lumen of the reproductive tract
  • properties and role varies for each segment of the tract
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15
Q

Theca cells

A
  • respond to LH and produce testosterone
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16
Q

Granulosa cells

A
  • respond to FSH
  • converts T to E2 (which goes into circulation and the follicular antrum)
17
Q

What parts of the antral follicle stay with the oocyte after ovulation

A
  • corona radiata and cumulus ooporus
18
Q

5 parts of the oviduct

A
  1. infundibulum
  2. ampulla
  3. ampullary-isthmic junction
  4. isthmus
  5. uterotubal junction
19
Q

Infundibulum

A
  • funnel shaped opening closes over the ovary
  • forms “pocket” around the ovary
  • fimbriae sweep oocytes toward the oviduct
20
Q

Ampulla

A
  • upper-half of the oviduct
  • large diameter and ciliated mucosa to transport oocytes to the point of fertilization
21
Q

Ampullary-isthmic junction

A

site of fertilization

22
Q

Site of fertilization

A

Ampullary-isthmic jxn

23
Q

Isthmus

A

-lower-half of the oviduct attached to the uterus
- small diameter tube that transports sperm to AIJ and transports embryos to the uterus

24
Q

Uterotubal junction

A
  • jxn of the uterus and oviduct
  • sperm reservoir
25
Q

Functions of the uterus (controlled by stage of the female cycle)

A
  1. sperm transport to the oviduct
  2. maintain pre-implantation embryo
  3. maternal portion of placenta - transfer of nutrients to fetus
  4. expulsion of fetus and fetal placenta
26
Q

3 tissue layers of the uterus

A
  1. Perimetrium = serosa
  2. Myometrium = muscularis
  3. Endometrium = mucosa + submucosa
27
Q

Perimetrium

A

external layer that connects to the mesometrium of the BL

28
Q

Myometrum

A
  • muscle layers of the uterus
  • facilitates uterine contractions: sperm transport; expulsion of fetus & placenta
29
Q

Endometrium

A
  • cells lining the uterine lumen
  • roles vary with female cycle: secretions that enhance sperm and embryo survival; signals if pregnancy has been achieved; maternal portion of placenta and transfer of nutrients to fetus
30
Q

Cervix

A

Thick walled segment of female system that separated the internal tract from the external tract

31
Q

Forms of cervical lumen

A
  1. single fold: bitch and queen
  2. multiple folds: sow, ewe, cow & mare
32
Q

Cervical functions

A

Copulation
- cow, ewe, bitch and queen = reservoir/barrier to sperm transport
- sow and mare = site of semen deposition

Pregnancy
- mucus plug conserves the sterile uterine environment

33
Q

Vagina

A

Copulatory organ of the female
- site of semen deposition (cow, ewe, bitch and queen)

Thickness and secretions of the mucosa influenced by the estrus cycle
- lubricate and protect the vaginal wall

34
Q

Epithelium of the cranial vaginal vs caudal vagina

A
  • Cranial vagina: columnar epithelium
  • Caudal vagina: stratified squamous epithelium

ANSC 312 - Repro Physiology (21 decks)

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