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public pharma cards > S2 T2 > Flashcards

S2 T2 Flashcards

1
Q

A dilation of an artery due to a weakening of the wall of the artery.

A

Aneurism

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2
Q

Chest Pain, treated with nitrates, which relax the muscles of the coronary vessels and increase dilation. Examples of medications are isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate and nitroglycerin (nitrostat).

A

Angina

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3
Q

What are the classes of angina

A

(1) Stable
(2) Varient
(3) Unstable

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4
Q

A condition in which artery walls become thick and stiff, usually due to increasing age. May be caused by hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hyperlipidemia.

A

arteriosclerosis

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5
Q

A type of arteriosclerosis of which the hardening of the arteries is caused by the presence of fat deposits, or plaques.

A

Atherosclerosis

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6
Q

A-fib; An irregular and rapid heartbeat that can cause stroke or heart failure

A

Atrial fibrillation

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7
Q

A condition in which the atria of the heart beats too quickly.

A

Atrial flutter

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8
Q

A decreased heart rate in which the resting heart rate is less than 60 BPM.

A

brady cardia

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9
Q

Also known as a stroke. A serious neurological condition caused by a decrease of oxygen supplied to the brain that can result in weakness, loss of control over muscles difficulty speaking, or death. The decrease in oxygen can be caused by either a blockage of a blood vessel in the brain or hemorrhage from a damaged blood vessel in the brain.

A

cerebrovascular accident

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10
Q

Condition in which the heart fails to pump blood efficiently, resulting in severe complications

A

Congestive heart failure

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11
Q

A condition that occurs when the arteries of the heart do not receive a proper quantity of oxygen.

A

Coronary artery disease

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12
Q

Irregular heartbeat often caused by hypertension, ischemic heart disease, or certain medications.

A

dysrhythmia

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13
Q

Also known as hypervolemia, in which an excessive amount of fluid accumulates in the body, often around the ankles.

A

edema

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14
Q

Inflammation of the heart muscle, usually caused by bacteria or fungus. Complications may occur when clumps of bacteria known as vegetation form at the site of the infection.

A

endocarditis

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15
Q

A type of hypertension in which the cause is unknown.

A

Essential hypertension

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16
Q

Bleeding due to trauma or a wound.

A

hemorrhage

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17
Q

Also known as hypercholesterolemia, a condition characterized by an increase in cholesterol in the bloodstream.

A

hyperlipidemia

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18
Q

Chronic blood pressure characterized by an increase in blood pressure during heart contraction (systolic blood pressure) or relaxation (diastolic blood pressure)

A

Hypertension

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19
Q

Low Blood Pressure that is characterized by blood pressure values less than or equal to 90/60.

A

hypotension

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20
Q

Also known as a heart attack; damage to the heart muscle resulting from blocked coronary arteries, which prevents sufficient oxygen from being supplied to the heart

A

Myocardial INFARCTION

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21
Q

A decrease in blood pressure as a result of standing up, which may cause dizziness, blurred vision, and/or fainting.

A

Orthostatic hypertension

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22
Q

A condition characterized by a decreased blood supply to arms or legs. Patients who smoke and have diabetes mellitus have the greatest risk for developing this

A

Peripheral artery disease

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23
Q

Hypertension that is caused by some other medical condition.

A

Seconday hypertension

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24
Q

A rapid heart rate defined by a resting heart rate greater than 100BPM.

A

tachycardia

25
Q

what distributes oxygen throughout the body and helps remove carbon dioxide and waste products.

A

the cardiovascular system

26
Q

what is the pump that propels blood through the Cardiovascular System.

A

the heart

27
Q

what is the heart divided into

A

four chambers
2 atria and
2 ventricles

28
Q

what is determined by the contraction and relaxation of the ventricles.

A

blood pressure

29
Q

when the ventricles contract. During this phase, blood is pushed from the heart out into the blood vessels and to the body.

A

systolic phase

30
Q

When the ventricles relax, During this phase, blood is filling into the ventricles

A

Diastolic phase

31
Q

how is BP read

A

Systolic/diastolic

32
Q

is measured in beats per minute, BPM.

A

heart rate.

33
Q

The surgical repair of a cogged blood vessel.

A

Angioplasty

34
Q

Blood vessel that transports mainly oxygenated blood away from the heart to a body cells and tissues

A

Artery

35
Q

Measurement (in mmHg) of the pressure exerted on the walls of blood vessels during systole and diastole.

A

Blood pressure

36
Q

Very small blood vessels that connect the arterioles and venules and are responsible for exchanging oxygen from the red blood cells with carbon dioxide.

A

Capillaries

37
Q

Root word meaning heart.

A

Cardi/o

38
Q

The contraction and relaxation of the heart as it pumps blood through the Cardiovascular System

A

cardiac cycle

39
Q

The amount of blood pumped by the heart throughout the Cardiovascular System in one minute

A

cardiac output

40
Q

The study of the structures, functions, and disorders of the heart.

A

cardiology

41
Q

A type of lipid (fat) that circulates in the blood and can form plaque that can block blood vessels.

A

cholesterol

42
Q

The minimum blood pressure when the heart relaxes.

A

Diastolic presure

43
Q

The minimum blood pressure when the heart relaxes.

A

Diastolic pressure

44
Q

A graphic representation of heart contractions made by an electrocardiograph, which can be used to diagnose certain heart problems.

A

electrocardiogram

45
Q

The part of the heart wall that allows it to collapse during contraction.

A

endocardium

46
Q

The outer layer of the heart

A

Epicardium

47
Q

Red Blood Cell, which transports oxygen to body tissues and organs.

A

erythrocyte

48
Q

Root words meaning blood.

A

hem/o hemat/o

49
Q

An iron-containing protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to body organs and tissues and carries carbon dioxide from the body organs and tissues to the lungs for expiration.

A

hemoglobin

50
Q

Also known as good cholesterol, which transports cholesterol back to the liver and does not contribute to plaque on artery walls.

A

High-density lipoprotein

51
Q

Also known as bad cholesterol, which can accumulate as plaque and block blood vessels.

A

low-density lipoprotein

52
Q

Heart Muscle.

A

Myocardial

53
Q

The part of the heart that contracts resulting in a heartbeat.

A

Myocardium

54
Q

A resistance of blood flow in the peripheral arteries.

A

peripheral resistance

55
Q

An accumulation of cholesterol in a blood vessel, often resulting in a restricted blood flow and insufficient oxygen being transported to the tissues.

A

plaque

56
Q

The maximum blood pressure that occurs when the heart contracts.

A

systolic pressure

57
Q

Contraction of the blood vessel walls resulting in the narrowing of the lumen.

A

vasoconstriction

58
Q

Relaxation of the blood vessel walls resulting in the widening of the lumen.

A

vasodilation

59
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues.

A

vein

public pharma cards (36 decks)

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