Horse GI System Flashcards
What kind of fermenters are horses
Hindgut
Path of digesta/food through horse stomach
Mouth —> esophagus —> stomach —-> duodenum —> jejunum —> ileum —> cecum —> right ventral colon —> sternal flexure -> left ventral colon —> pelvic flexure —> left dorsal colon —> diaphragmatic flexure —> right dorsal colon —> transverse colon —> descending/small colon —> rectum/anus
Bands of the colon are called
Taenia
Are there taenia in small intestine
No
Name of taenia in ileum
Antimesenteric band
How many bands/taenia in cecum
4
number of taenia: ventral colon, pelvic flexure, dorsal colon, small colon
Ventral - 4
Pelvic - 1
Dorsal - 3
Small - 2
Rugae definition
Series of ridges produced by folding of wall of organ =stomach
Haustra:definition, how formed
Small segmented pouches of bowel separated by Haustral folds
Formed by circumferential contraction of inner muscular layer of colon
How is outer longitudinal laye r of colon organized
Into 3 bands/taenia coli running from cecum to rectum
What side of the body are duodenum and cecum on
Right
Esophagus: function, unique feature
One way transport = no vomiting
Stomach function
Enzymatic breakdown
Small intestine function
Digest rapidly available carbs and protein
where/when do horses obtain most of their protein during digestion process
Digestion in foregut
Cecum function
Where cellulose is broken down
*carbs and proteins in cell walls of plants that escape digestion in small intestine
Functions of colon
Reabsorption of water
Some fermentation
Function of descending/small colon
Form fecal balls
Where does microbial fermentation occur (2)
Cecum
Colon
Hindgut fermentation products (3)
CO2
Methane
Volatile fatty acids
Hindgut vs foregut fermentation
Foregut = enzymatic
Hindgut = microbial
Microbial fermentation in hindgut allows horses to
Breakdown cellulose
What happens to hindgut fermentation products
Absorbed through intestinal wall
3 volatile fatty acids: fermentation products
Proprionate
Acetate
Butyrate