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Anatomy & Physicology > endocrine and lymphatic system > Flashcards

endocrine and lymphatic system Flashcards

1
Q

which gland secretes products INTO DUCTS that empty onto a surface or into a cavity

A

Exocrine gland

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2
Q

the sweat glands and salivary glands
(lymph nodes) are apart of which gland ?

A

Exocrine gland

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3
Q

which gland are ductless glands and secrete hormones

A

endocrine gland

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4
Q

“Too much” hormone

A

hypersecretion

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5
Q

“Too little” hormone

A

hyposecretion

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6
Q

chemical “messengers” of the endocrine system that are released into the blood

A

hormones

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7
Q

what are the 2 major classes of hormones ?

A

nonsteroid and steroid

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8
Q

which hormone is the lipid soluble ?

A

steroid

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9
Q

which hormone passes through the plasma membrane ?

A

steroid

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10
Q

which hormone is the “FIRST MESSENGERS” providing information between endocrine glands and target organs ?

A

nonsteroid

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11
Q

the “MALE SEX HORMONE”

A

testosterone

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12
Q

hormone that regulates “SLEEP PATTERNS”

A

melatonin

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13
Q

which gland is called the “THIRD EYE”

A

Pineal gland

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14
Q

cell acted on by a particular hormone and responding to it

A

target cell

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15
Q

which gland is located in the diencephalon of the brain ?

A

Pineal gland

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16
Q

what does the pineal gland secrete

A

melatonin

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17
Q

which gland is a neuroendocrine gland located beneath the hypothalamus of the brain ?

A

Pituitary gland

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18
Q
  • endocrine gland that straddles the anterior trachea
    -secretes the amine hormone “thyroid hormone”
    -secretes the peptide “ calcitonin”
A

Thyroid Gland

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19
Q

“SECOND MESSENGER” that provides communication within a hormone’s target cell
(affect cell activity)

A

cyclic AMP

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20
Q

steroid hormones have a _______ response than nonsteroid hormones

A

slower

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21
Q

_______ feedback reverse the direction in a physiological system (temp.)

A

negative

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22
Q

______ feedback amplifyes phsiological changes rather then reverse them
(contractions in pregnancy)

A

Positive

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23
Q

what two lobes make up the pituitary gland ?

A

anterior (adenohypophysis)
posterior ( neurohypopysis)

24
Q

which lobe secretes
-LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
-FSH (Follicle- Stimulating Hormone)
-GH (Growth Hormone)
-TSH (Thyroid- Stimulating Hormone)
-ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
-PRL (Prolactin)

A

anterior (adenohypophysis)

25
Q

which lobe secretes
-ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)
-OT (Oxytocin)
in the hypothalamus

A

posterior (neurohypophysis)

26
Q

which lobe has epithelial structure of the endocrine gland ?

A

adenohypophysis

27
Q

which lobe has the cellular struction of the nervous tissue ?

A

neurohypophysis

28
Q

what cavity is the pituitary gland located in ?

A

brain cavity

29
Q

these terms are which hormone
T3 ( Triiodothyronine)
T4 ( Thyroxine)

A

nonsteroid

30
Q

Which hormone “REGULATES BLOOD CALCIUM LEVEL” (INCREASES)

A

Parathyroid (PTH)

31
Q

Which hormone “Decreases the amount of calcium”

A

Calcitonin (CT)

32
Q

what two glands make up the adrenal gland ?

A

adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla

33
Q

the adrenal cortex is the ______ part of the adrenal gland and made up of gladular epithelium

A

outer

34
Q

the adrenal medulla is the _______ part and made up of the nervous tissue

A

inner

35
Q

the 3 zones of layers of cells make up which gland
-the outer zone (mineralocorticoids)
-the middle zone (glucororticoids)
-the inner layer zone ( sex hormones a.k.a adrogens)

A

adrenal gland

36
Q

help control the amounts of certain mineral salts in the blood (mainly sodium chloride)
-secrete aldosterone

A

mineralocorticoids

36
Q

aldosterone ______ blood calcium and _______ blood potassium

A

increase, decrease

37
Q

which adrenal gland secretes epinephrine (EPI) and nonreinephrine (NR)

A

adrenal medulla

38
Q

glucocorticoids help the body _____ stress
“fight of flight” response to danger (stress)

A

avoid

39
Q

what are the 2 kinds of cells in the pancreatic iselts?

A

alpha cells (A cells) and Beta cells (B cells)

40
Q

_____ cells secrete glucagon

A

Alpha cells

41
Q

_____ cells secrete insulin

A

Beta Cells

42
Q

a chemical process where the glucose stored in the liver cells form glycogen and converted to glucose

A

glycogenolysis

43
Q

insulin ____ the blood glucose concentration

A

decreases

44
Q

these terms _____ the blood glucose concentration
-glucocorticoids
-growth hormone
-glucogen

A

increase

45
Q

70 to 100 MG/DL is a _______ blood glucose level

A

normal

46
Q

which hormone secretes thyroid hormone ?

A

Thyroid- Stimulating hormone (TSH)

47
Q

which hormone stimulates growth of the adrenal cortex

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

48
Q

Which hormone
(FEMALE) - stimulates development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estogens
(MALE)- stimulates seminiferous tubules of testes to grow and produce sperm

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

49
Q

which hormone stimulates growth in all organs, mobilzes nutrient molecules causing increase in the blood glucose concentration

A

Growth hormone (GH)

50
Q

which gland is the body’s defence against infections by making antibodies
(located near the heart)

A

Thymus gland

51
Q

inner part of kidney which produces epineprine and nonrepinephrine

A

medulla

52
Q

outter part of kidney which produces corticosteroids ( help body deal with long-term stress)

A

cortex

53
Q

the condition in which the bodys bones become weak and break easily

A

osteoporosis

54
Q

a condition affecting nerves causing muscle spasms and low calcium in blood

A

tetany

55
Q

“Too much” insulin in the blood

A

Hypoglycemia

56
Q

“Too much” Growth hormone (GH)

A

Hyperglycemia

Anatomy & Physicology (15 decks)

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