Meiosis

Question 1

What is meiosis?

Answer 1

The production of sex cells

Question 2

What is a diploid?

Answer 2

Full number of chromosomes (somatic cells)

Question 3

What is a haploid?

Answer 3

Half the number of chromosomes (sex cells)

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

Specific region on a chromosome that codes for specific proteins

Question 5

Humans have __ pairs of chromosomes

Answer 5

23 (a total of 46)

Question 6

What are homologous chromosomes (homologs)?

Answer 6

Matching pair chromosomes. Have same genes on same area of each chromosome

Question 7

Which chromosome is where sex cells are located?

Answer 7

23

Question 8

What are autosomes?

Answer 8

All other chromosomes

Question 9

How does sexual reproduction occur?

Answer 9

Through the fertilization of two gametes

Question 10

Are gametes haploid or diploid

Answer 10

Haploid

Question 11

When fertilization occurs, the offspring gets chromosomes from each gamete, making the result _____

Answer 11

Diploid

Question 12

Each cell has the _____ number of chromosomes, but the genes in each are _________.

Answer 12

1. same
2. different

Question 13

How many sex cells are the result of meiosis?

Answer 13

4 sex cells

Question 14

In meiosis, 1 diploid cell becomes ___ haploid cells

Answer 14

4

Question 15

What methods increase genetic variation?

Answer 15

1. Random mutations passed on in sex cells
2. Crossing over
3. Mate selection
4. Orientation of chromosomes during metaphase I or II

Question 16

What is crossing over?

Answer 16

When chromosomes mix up their DNA

Question 17

What is a karyotype?

Answer 17

Magnified display of someone’s chromosomes. Arranged in homolog pairs from largest to smallest

Question 18

What is non-disjunction?

Answer 18

When members of a chromosome pair don’t separate properly

Question 19

Why does down syndrome occur?

Answer 19

Because there is a non-disjunction in chromosome pair 21