Chap 4: Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Define ionic bonding
transferring of electrons to obtain a full valence shell
What are positive ions?
- cations
- lose one or more electrons
- usually metals
- grp 1 or 2
What are negative ions?
- anions
- gain one or more electrons
- usually non-metals
- grp 16 or 17
Steps for drawing dots and cross diagram for ionic bonding?
- Look at periodic table, proton number
- Write down electronic configuration
- Determine valence electrons
- Determine ion and draw
[refer to diagrams from wkshts and notes!!]
What does an ionic compound contain?
Positive and negative ions with ionic bonds (electrostatic FOA) with no net charge
What do multiple ionic compounds form?
Giant ionic lattice structure
Define covalent bonding
Sharing of valence electrons to form a pair of electrons between 2 non-metal atoms
How to draw dot and cross for covalent bonding?
- Find group of element
- Find electronic configuration
- Determine number of electrons needed
- Determine how many covalent bonds needed
- Draw
[refer to wkshts and notes for diagrams!!]
Define covalent bond
electrostatic forces of attraction between shared particles of electrons and nuclei of 2 atoms
Types of structures formed by covalent bonds
= Simple molecular structure
- strong covalent bonds between atoms
- weak intermolecular FOA between covalent bonds
= giant molecular structures
= macromolecules
What is ionic bond?
electrostatic forces of attraction between 2 oppositely charged particles
What is metallic bonding/metallic bond?
electrostatic forces of attraction between positive metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons
- only between metal atoms
- atoms lose valence electrons and become positively charged
What is the structure formed by metallic bonding?
Giant metallic lattice structure
