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Farm (year 4) > Pigs > Flashcards

Pigs Flashcards

1
Q

what is the aim for weaning weight?

A

7kg

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2
Q

what is the aim for grower weight?

A

30kg

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3
Q

what is the aim for finishing weight?

A

130kg

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4
Q

what are breeding sows vaccinated for to give passive immunity to sows?

A

Erysipelas
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
E. coli
Clostridium perfringens
Haemophilus parasuis
atrophic rhinitis

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5
Q

what are growing herds vaccinated against to create active immunity?

A

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Haemophilus parasuis (glassers)
Lawsonia intracellularis
erysipelas
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
E. coli

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6
Q

what autogenous vaccine is available for pigs?

A

Salmonella typhimurium

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7
Q

what are the three types of vaccines?

A

inactivated
live
autogenous

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8
Q

how can vaccines be administered to pigs?

A

SC, IM, intradermal, oral, in water

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9
Q

what are piglets vaccinated against?

A

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Haemophilus parasuis (glassers)
Lawsonia intracellularis
erysipelas
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
E. coli

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9
Q

what are piglets vaccinated against?

A

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
porcine circovirus 2
porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Haemophilus parasuis (glassers)
Lawsonia intracellularis
erysipelas
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia
E. coli

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10
Q

when are autogenous vaccines used?

A

only in emergency cases/outbreak prevention

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11
Q

what site should be used for subcutaneous injections?

A

neck

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12
Q

what site should be used for intramuscular injections?

A

neck

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13
Q

how long should records of drugs and vaccines be able to date back to?

A

> 5 years

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14
Q

how are the majority of antibiotics administered to pigs?

A

in feed

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15
Q

what antibiotics can be used prophylactically in pigs?

A

none - prophylactic use is banned

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16
Q

what drugs have high penetration to most tissues?

A

tetracyclines, fluoroquinolone, florfenicol

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17
Q

what size needle should be used for weaners?

A

21G 5/8” (green)

18
Q

what size needle should be used for growers?

A

19G 1” (pink)

19
Q

what size needle should be used for finishers?

A

16G 1’ (metal)

20
Q

what coccidiostat is used in pigs?

A

toltrazuril

21
Q

what drugs can be used in pigs to stimulate oestrus?

A

PG600 - chorionic gonadotropin
GnRH analogues

22
Q

what drugs can be used to synchronise oestrus in pigs?

A

synthetic progestogens

23
Q

what drugs can be used to induce farrowing in pigs?

A

prostaglandin F2 alpha

24
Q

what drugs can be used to cause uterine contraction in pigs?

A

oxytocin

25
Q

how are progestogens used to synchronise oestrus in pigs?

A

given orally for 18 days then oestrus is seen 5 days after last dose (need to be accurate)

26
Q

how long is the normal ovarian cycle of a sow?

A

19-23 days

27
Q

what is the positive feedback loop associated with lactation?

A

suckling stimulates prolactin release which causes more milk production

28
Q

what is the negative feedback loop associated with lactation?

A

suckling stimulates death of gonadotrophin so there is no ovarian activity

29
Q

what is a very prominent feature of a pig with BCS 1?

A

prominent backbone

30
Q

when does ovulation occur in relation to heat?

A

38-42 hours after the start of true heat

31
Q

how can you stimulate a sow during AI?

A

rub mammary glands
put pressure on back/shoulders
put pressure on side/flanks
vulval stimulation
gentle manipulation of catheter
vocalisation

32
Q

what are the signs a sow is in heat?

A

vulva - red, swollen, mucous
vocalisation
interest in boar
flank nosing
smelling/standing next to boar
allows mounting

33
Q

what is the possible fate of semen post insemination?

A

reflux
phagocytosis
fertilisation

34
Q

what are the features of a good AI area?

A

close to sows
away from boars
nose/nose contact with boar
individual insemination pen
stress free post service area
good pig flow, gates, storage, light

35
Q

what is the overall production of farrowing unit measured by?

A

pigs born alive per sow per year

36
Q

what is the ideal time from weaning to service?

A

1 week

37
Q

what is the ideal time from farrowing to weaning?

A

4 weeks

38
Q

what is the ideal time from service to farrowing?

A

16 weeks

39
Q

what are some possible infectious causes of poor fertility?

A

porcine parvovirus
PRRS
porcine circovirus 2
swine influenza
leptospirosis
SMEDI viruses

40
Q

what could cause irregular returns?

A

being in pig
loss of pregnancy
infection (tracking endometritis)

41
Q

what are the points at which the cervix is open and infection could enter to cause endometritis?

A

at/post service
farrowing

42
Q

what ate some possible causes of implantation disruption?

A

stress
nutrition
seasonal influence
disease

43
Q

what diseases influence the number of piglets born alive or mummified?

A

stress
parvovirus
RSSV
PCV2
erysipelas
leptospirosis

Farm (year 4) (17 decks)

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