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Anat and Phys - Carter > Chapter 8 review > Flashcards

Chapter 8 review Flashcards

1
Q

What gland in the eye is involved with the secretion of tears

A

lacrimal gland

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2
Q

What is the other name for tears

A

lacrimal fluid

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3
Q

What is an eye infection called

A

Conjunctivitis

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4
Q

What is the sclera

A

white of the eye, fibrous layer

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5
Q

What are the 3 tunics

A

fibrous, choroid, sensory

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6
Q

What tunic are the rods and cones on

A

sensory

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7
Q

what are rods responsible for

A

grey tones and light and peripheral vision

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8
Q

what are cones for

A

color

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9
Q

what is the aqueous humor

A

watery fluid found in chamber between the lens and the cornea, similar to blood plasma

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10
Q

what is the vitreous humor

A

gel-like substance behind the lens, keeps the lens from collapsing inward, lasts a lifetime

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11
Q

what is the function of meibomian gland

A

modified sebaceous glands produce an oily secretion to lubricate the eye

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12
Q

What is the function of the ciliary glands

A

modified sweat gland between eyelashes

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13
Q

what is the conjunctiva

A

membrane that lines the eyelids, connects to the surface of the eye, secretes mucus to lubricate the eye

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14
Q

what is the function of the lacrimal apparatus

A

moisten, protect, and lubricate the eye

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15
Q

what is the function of the lacrimal gland

A

produce lacrimal fluid

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16
Q

lacrimal canals

A

drain lacrimal fluid from the eye

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17
Q

what is the lacrimal sac

A

passageway that leads toward the nasal cavity

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18
Q

nasolacrimal duct

A

empties lacrimal fluid into the nasal cavity

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19
Q

extrinsic (external) eye muscles

A

produce gross eye movements and make it possible to follow moving objects, muscles attached to the outer surface of the eye

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20
Q

cornea

A

allows for light to pass through

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21
Q

choroid layer

A

blood rich nutritive tunic, prevents light from scattering in the eye

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22
Q

ciliary body

A

smooth muscle which the lens is attached to

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23
Q

iris

A

gives the eye color

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24
Q

pupil

A

rounded opening in the iris for light to enter

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25
Q

receptors that are stimulated by physical force

A

mechanical

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26
Q

What reflex occurs when light is shined in the eye

A

photopupillary reflex

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27
Q

what is gustatory receptors responsible for

A

taste

28
Q

what are olfactory receptors responsible for

A

smell

29
Q

what is another name for the eardrum

A

tympanic membrane

30
Q

what is the fovea centralis

A

area of the retina with only cones

31
Q

what distance is the resting eye set at

A

20 feet

32
Q

what is lens accomodation

A

changing shaping of the lens to focus on closer objects

33
Q

viewing close objects causes accommodation is what kind of reflex

A

accommation pupillary reflex

34
Q

what is the pathway of vibration

A

eardrum to the 3 ossicles

35
Q

what are the 3 ossicles’s name

A

malleus, incus, stupes

36
Q

what are the 3 ossicle’s common names

A

hammer, anvil, stirrup

37
Q

what are the 3 parts of the ear

A

external ear, middle ear, inner ear

38
Q

what are the external and middle ear responsible for

A

hearing

39
Q

what is the inner ear responsible for

A

balance

40
Q

what 2 things are a part of the external ear

A

pinna and external auditory canal

41
Q

what is dynamic equalibrium

A

circular movements of the head

42
Q

what is static equilibrium

A

up and down with respect to gravity

43
Q

organ of corti

A

located within the cochlea, receptors = hair cells on the basilar membrane - hearing receptors

44
Q

what are the 3 bones in the bony labriynth

A

cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals

45
Q

what is the plasma like fluid called

A

perilymph

46
Q

what is the thicker fluid in the labriynth

A

endolymph

47
Q

What is the crista ampullaris

A

receptors in the semicircular canals

48
Q

what is the crista ampullaris for

A

dynamic equilibrium

49
Q

what are the rods and cones located on

A

retina

50
Q

What are the 3 cone types

A

green, red, blue

51
Q

what is the cornea

A

allows for light to pass through

52
Q

what are the to photoreceptors

A

rods and cones

53
Q

Signals pass from photoreceptors via a what two-chain neuron

A

bipolar neurons and ganglion cells

54
Q

what is the result of lacking one type of cone

A

colorblindness

55
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted - far away objects are blurry; light from the objects

56
Q

hyperopia

A

farsighted - near objects are blurry and distant objects clear

57
Q

where are tastebuds found

A

on the sides of the papillae on the tounge; most on the tongue, soft palate, cheeks

58
Q

what are chemoreceptors

A

both taste and smell use them

59
Q

what does the cochlea do

A

receives sound in the form of vibrations and converts them into nerve impulses

60
Q

where is the vestibule located

A

stimulated between the semicircular canals and the cochlea

61
Q

semicircular canals

A

part of the inner ear lined with cilia and filled with a liquid substance (endolymph)

62
Q

what is the receptors called maculae responsible for

A

static equilibrium

63
Q

cochlear nerve

A

a division of cranial nerve that the hair cells tansmit impulses through the temporal lobe

64
Q

hair cells

A

hearing receptors

65
Q

olfactory nerve

A

bundled axons of olfactory neurons that are used to transmit impulses to the olfactory cortex of the brain

66
Q

otolith

A

tiny stones; in a gel around the hair, move in response to gravity

67
Q

optic nerve

A

carries impulses for vision

Anat and Phys - Carter (15 decks)

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