Skeletal system

Question 1

What are the bones in the head?

Answer 1

Cranium, zygoma, mandable, maxilla, frontal, nasal

Question 2

What are the bones in the torso?

Answer 2

Ribs, Clavicle, scapula, sternum, pelvis

Question 3

What are the bones in the arms?

Answer 3

Humerus, radius, ulna, metacraple, carple, phalanges

Question 4

What are the bones in the legs?

Answer 4

Femur, patella, tibia, fibia, metatarsals, tarsals, phalanges

Question 5

What are the 5 types of bones?

Answer 5

Sesamoid, long, short, irregular, flat

Question 6

Long bones?

Answer 6

Bones found in limbs- humerus, femur, metacarples, phalanges, metatarsals, ulna, radius, fibia, tibia.

Question 7

Sesamoid bones?

Answer 7

specialised function and usually found within a tendon- patella.

Question 8

Short bones?

Answer 8

small light and strong- carples, tarsals

Question 9

Flat bones?

Answer 9

large surface area and slightly curved- pelvis, ribs, clavicle, sternum, scapula, skull

Question 10

Irregular bones?

Answer 10

complex shapes- maxilla, zygoma, mandable

Question 11

Anterior

Answer 11

infront of or to the front

Question 12

Posterior

Answer 12

To the rear or behind

Question 13

Medial

Answer 13

An imaginary line down the middle of the body (sternum)

Question 14

Lateral

Answer 14

Away from the midline or axis

Question 15

Proximal

Answer 15

Near to the root or origin

Question 16

Distal

Answer 16

Away from the root or origin

Question 17

Superior

Answer 17

Above

Question 18

Inferior

Answer 18

Below

Question 19

Ossification

Answer 19

the natural process of bone formation

Question 20

Calcium

Answer 20

A mineral needed for healthy teeth, bones and other body tissues

Question 21

Osteoblasts

Answer 21

A cell that develops bone

Question 22

Osteoclasts

Answer 22

cells that degrade bone to initiate normal bone remodelling and mediate bone loss in pathologic conditions

Question 23

Epiphysis

Answer 23

expanded end of long bones

Question 24

Diaphysis

Answer 24

the shaft of the long bone

Question 25

Epiphysis plate

Answer 25

a thin layer of cartilage that lies between the epithyses and metaphyses, where the bone grown takes place

Question 26

Describe the process of bone growth

Answer 26

Ossification is the process in which bones are formed. Throughout this process parts of the bone are reabsorbed so that unnecessary calcium is removed via oesteoclasts, while new layers of bone tissue are created. Oesteoblasts are responsible for creating bone matter. Oesteoblasts activity increases when you excercise so your bones will become stronger. Epiphysis plates allow the bones to extend. Once a bone is fully formed, the head/ end of each bone fuses with the diaphysis shaft to create the epiphyseal line.

Question 27

what are the 8 main functions of bones?

Answer 27

Support
Leverage
Protection
Store of minerals
Attachment of skeletal muscles
Weight bearing
Blood cell production source
Reducing friction across joints

Question 28

Protection

Answer 28

Skull- brain, ribs- lungs.
Types of bones: sesamoid, irregular

Question 29

Support

Answer 29

Skeleton provides the framework for your soft tissues in your body, gives your body shape.
Types of bone: Long

Question 30

Attachment for skeletal muscle

Answer 30

Tendons attach for skeletal muscle to bone and bone provides a surface for your skeletal muscles to attach to which allows you to move.
Type of bones: Flat

Question 31

Source of blood cell production

Answer 31

Bone marrow is stored within bones as they are not solid.
Type of bone: Long

Question 32

Store of minerals

Answer 32

Minerals such as calcium and phosphorus are essential for bone growth and maintenance.
Types of bones: All

Question 33

Leverage

Answer 33

Bones provide a lever system allowing movement to occur when pulled by muscles.
Types of bones: All

Question 34

Weight bearing

Answer 34

Bones are strong, supports the weight of your body tissue including muscles.
Types of bones: Short

Question 35

Reducing friction across joints

Answer 35

Skeleton includes joints (synovial), they secrete fluid that prevents bones rubbing together.
Types of bones: Sesamoid

Question 36

Flexion

Answer 36

Reducing the angles between the bones of the limb at a joint

Question 37

Extension

Answer 37

Straightening a limb to increase the angle at the joint

Question 38

Dorsiflexion

Answer 38

An upward movement when the toes come up towards the knee.

Question 39

Plantar flexion

Answer 39

A movement that points the toes down

Question 40

Lateral flexion

Answer 40

A movement of bending sideways