lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Predisposing Factors to Malocclusion

A

*Disturbances in Embryologic Development
*Heredity (genetics)
*Functional matrix
*Traumas: Especially mandibular fractures.

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2
Q

malocclusion etiology flow chart

A
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3
Q

Normal skeletal relationship reference point

A
  • Cranial base as a reference
  • Position and projection of the upper jaw
  • Position and projection of the lower jaw
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4
Q

Types of malocclusion

A
  • Malocclusion occurs in 3 dimensions (4 including time)
  • Angle classification is based on AP relationships
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5
Q

% occurrence of different occlusions

A
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6
Q

are class I malocc always simple

A

no, could be skeletal abnormalities present

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7
Q

skeletal patterns

A
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8
Q

class 2 div 1 malocc

A
  • Mandibular retrognathism
  • 40% present bimaxillary retrusion
  • Rarely true maxillary prognathism
    majority of class 2 cases are this
    can lead to sleep apnea
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9
Q

class 2 div 2 malocc

A

only 10% cases
strong genetic component
L inclined CI and B inclined LI

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10
Q

Typical Skeletal class II

A
  • Mandibular retrognathism
  • Proclined upper incisors
  • Deep bite
  • However, multiple presentations are possible
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11
Q

Cl I maloccusion

A
  • Jaws are well aligned in the anteroposterior dimension
  • Vertical and transverse dimensions are variable.
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12
Q

Transverse dimension measurements

A

ntermolar distance
Intercanine distance
Arch shape

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13
Q

McGill ceph angles

A
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14
Q

Class III
malocclusion

A
  • Maxillary Retrognathism- majority
  • Mandibular prognatjism
  • Usually a combination of the two conditions
  • Vertical dimension is variable Deepbite to openbite
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15
Q

prevalence cl 3 malocc

  • Southeast Asian
  • Middle eastern
  • Indian
  • European
A
  • Depends on the population
  • Southeast Asian ~15%
  • Middle eastern ~10%
  • Indian ~1%
  • European ~1-4%
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16
Q

Genetics of Class III

A
  • Suggest a **polygenic **model as primary cause of Class III malocclusion
  • Linkage Analysis studies
  • Used to determine the chromosome loci associated
    with the condition
  • Suggested loci: 1p22, 1p36, 3q26.2, 6q25, 11q22, 12q13, 12q23, 19p32.2
17
Q

Openbite: Multifactorial Etiologies

A
  1. Transitory
  2. Skeletal (genetic)
  3. Neuromuscular imbalance (CP)
  4. Oral habits
  5. Anterior tongue posture
  6. Combination Sleep Apnea
18
Q

which classes of malocc can openbites occur in?

A

all