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HISTOLOGY > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Brain, spinal cord

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

Nerves ( Cranial, peripheral)

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3
Q

main functional unit of CNS

A

Neurons

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4
Q

supporting cells/ support the neurons

A

Neuroglial cells

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5
Q

perikaryon/soma

A

Cell body

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6
Q

another term for cell membrane of neuron

A

Neurolemma

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7
Q

specialized to receive stimuli from other neurons at unique sites

A

Dendrites

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8
Q

the one receiving signals towards the body

A

Dendrites

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9
Q

receive electrical signals

A

synapses

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10
Q

What are the electrolytes

A

sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium.

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11
Q

part of the neuron that transmits electrical impulses, be received by other neurons

A

Axons

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12
Q

same function as ribosomes

A

Nissl bodies

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13
Q

To demonstrate yung affected nissl bodies sa brain we have to use two fixatives:

A

Carnoy’s fixative, Acetone

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14
Q

cells covering the axons and they have nucleus

A

myelin sheath

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15
Q

with one axon and two or more dendrites

A

Multipolar Neurons

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16
Q

with one dendrite and one axon

A

Bipolar Neurons

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17
Q

comprise the sensory organs

A

Bipolar Neurons

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18
Q

what are the example of sensory organs in bipolar neurons?

A

retina, olfactory epithelium, inner ear

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19
Q

have a single process that bifurcates close to the perikaryon

A

Unipolar

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20
Q

with many dendrites but no true axon; do not produce action potentials; regulate electrical changes of adjacent CNS neurons

A

anaxonic

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21
Q

predominant glial cells in the CNS

A

Oligodendrites

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22
Q

with long delicate processes; abundant in white matter

A

Fibrous

23
Q

with shorter processes; predominant in the grey matter

A

Protoplasmic

24
Q

with shorter processes; predominant in the grey matter

A

Protoplasmic

25
Q

similar to epithelial cells

A

Ependymal

26
Q

they came from bone marrow (macrophages), Macrophages –> monocyte: bone marrow
Macrophages - specialized that stay in CNS

A

Microglial cells

27
Q

Myelinates and insulates CNS axons

A

Oligodendrites

28
Q

Allows faster action potential propagation along axons in the CNS

A

Oligodendrites

29
Q

is composed of sphingolipids and myelin.

A

Myelin sheath (sphingomyelin)

30
Q

They act as covering sa neurons.

A

Myelin sheath

31
Q

___ is a protein and____ is a type of fat.

A

myelin, sphingolipid

32
Q

Forms part of the Blood Brain Barrier

A

Astrocytes

33
Q

Regulates interstitial fluid composition

A

Astrocytes

34
Q

Provides structural support and organization to the CNS

A

Astrocytes

35
Q
  • Assists with neuronal development
  • Replicates to occupy space of dying neurons
A

Astrocytes

36
Q

is the wall preventing the flow of blood sa brain

A

Blood brain barrier

37
Q

Ependymal Cells

A
  • Columnar or cuboidal cells that line the fluid-filled ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord
  • Lines ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord
  • Assists in production and circulation of CSF
38
Q

Microglial Cells

A
  • Phagocytic cells that move through the CNS
  • Protects the CNS by engulfing infectious agents and other potentially harmful substances
39
Q

Schwann Cells

A
  • Neurolemmocytes
  • Surround and insulate PNS axons and myelinate those having large diameters
  • Allows for faster action potential propagation along an axon in the PNS
40
Q

Satellite cells

A
  • Electrically insulates PNS cell bodies
  • Regulates nutrient and waste exchange for cell bodies in ganglia
41
Q

Myelin production, electrical insulation

A

Oligodendrocyte

42
Q

Structural and metabolic support of neurons, especially at synapses; repair processes.

A

Astrocyte

43
Q

Aid production and movement of CSF

A

Ependymal cell

44
Q

Defense and immune-related activities

A

Microglia

45
Q

Myelin production, electrical defense

A

Schwann cell

46
Q

Structural and metabolic support for neuronal cell bodies.

A

Satellite cells

47
Q

You can able to see cell bodies/ perikaryon, glial cells of neurons

A

Grey matter

48
Q

you can usually see axons, diff. myelin sheath of neurons

A

White matter

49
Q

inner-most layer of the cerebellum

A

medulla

50
Q

largest part of the brain

A

cerebrum

51
Q

called as little brain

A

cerebellum

52
Q

send motor commands from brain to body

A

spinal cord

53
Q

specialize to generate and conduct nerve impulses from other cells

A

axons

HISTOLOGY (9 decks)

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