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Biology 30 > Nervous System Part. C (ears And Eyes) > Flashcards

Nervous System Part. C (ears And Eyes) Flashcards

1
Q

What lobe in the brain is related to the eyes?

A

Occipital

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2
Q

Where are the eyes placed in the skull?

A

Orbital cavities

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3
Q

What are the muscles in the oral cavity attached to the eyeball that help move the eye called

A

Extrinsic

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4
Q

What are two examples of intrinsic muscles (muscles in eye)

A

Iris and ciliary muscles

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5
Q

What are the three outer layers of the eyeball called?

A

Sclera, choroid, retina

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6
Q

What is the most outer layer of the eye called that we can touch?

A

Cornea

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7
Q

What is the Sclera

A

The visible white part of the eye,
forms the cornea, hard, rounds eye

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8
Q

What is the corneas function?

A

Bending light towards the pupil and onto the retina

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9
Q

What is the gland that produces tears?

A

Lacrimal

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10
Q

What is the thin membrane protecting the cornea?

A

Conjunctiva

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11
Q

What does the choroid layer do?

A

Absorbs stray light, helps nourish the cells of the retina, reflective part of the animal eyes

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12
Q

What does the iris do?

A

Controls the amount of light entering the eye. Lowlight equals, dilation, bright light equals constriction.

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13
Q

What is found behind the iris and pupil

A

Lens

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14
Q

What does sclera contain

A

Cornea

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15
Q

What does choroid layer contain

A

Retina, ciliary muscles, iris

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16
Q

What does the lens do

A

It bends light in order to focus on the retina

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17
Q

What are the two main Chambers and what are they filled by?

A

The anterior chamber is filled with aqueous humor, the posterior chamber is filled with vitreous humour

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18
Q

What does the aqueous humour and vitreous humour do?

A

Maintains the pressure in the eye, and nourishes the cells of the retina, cornea and lens

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19
Q

What does the retina contain?

A

Rods, cones, photo receptor cells

20
Q

What do photoreceptor cells do?

A

Measure light

21
Q

What do the rods do?

A

Respond to low intensity, light

22
Q

What is the light sensitive pigment in rods called

A

Rhodopsin

23
Q

What is the adjustment to light intensity called?

A

Adaptation reflex

24
Q

What do the cones do?

A

Function in bright light to produce a coloured image

25
Q

What is found at the back of the retina important for clear vision?

A

Fovea centralis

26
Q

What is the pigment present and cones called?

A

Iodopsin

27
Q

What is the region of the eye where the retina has no photo receptor cells

A

Optic disc

28
Q

What is the place where the optic nerves from both eyes crosses over called

A

Chiasma

29
Q

What is the ability to see near and far called and what does it use

A

Accommodation, ciliary and suspensory ligament

30
Q

What is myopia and how do you fix it?

A

Near sighted, need a concave lens

31
Q

What is hyperopia and how do you fix it?

A

Farsighted, convex lens

32
Q

What are the two main functions of the ear

A

Hearing and equilibrium

33
Q

What composes the outer ear?

A

Pinna an auditory canal

34
Q

What composes the middle ear?

A

Type panic membrane, ossicles

35
Q

What does the eardrum do or tympanic membrane?

A

Change your sound waves into vibrations that transmit to the ossicles

36
Q

What is the main function of the ossicles?

A

Amplify and carry sound to inner ear

37
Q

What are the three ossicles

A
  1. Hammer (malleus)
  2. Anvil (incus)
  3. Stirup (stapes)
38
Q

How do we keep the pressure inside the middle ear constant with external pressure

A

Eustachian tube

39
Q

What is the stirrups job

A

Strikes a little membrane called oval window sound is then amplified

40
Q

What is the inner ear composed of?

A
  1. vestibule (static equilibrium)
  2. Semicircular canals (dynamic equilibrium)
  3. Cochlea
41
Q

What does the organ of Corti do?

A

Sound energy gets converted into an electrical impulse at auditory nerve

42
Q

What are the two membranes involved in the organ of Corti?

A

Tectorial membrane and basilar membrane

43
Q

What is equilibrium, composed of

A

Semicircular canals and vestibules (saccule and utricle)

44
Q

What is the vestibule?

A

Vestibule contains little grains of calcium carbonate called otoliths,(relays head position to brain)

45
Q

What part of the brain is balance associated with?

A

Cerebellum

46
Q

What are the two main types of deafness?

A

Conduction deafness, a nerve deafness

Biology 30 (11 decks)

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