The Emergence of the Ectoderm, CNS, and Epidermis Flashcards
the neural plate is
columnar shaped cells in the dorsal ectoderm
neurulation is the
process of the neural plate forming the neural tube
primary neurulation is when the neural plate cells
invaginate, proliferate, and pinch off to divide the ectoderm into 3 sections
what are the 3 sections that the ectoderm is divided into after primary neurulation?
- neural tube
- epidermis of skin
- neural crest cells
the neural tube will form the
brain & spinal cord
the neural tube eventually separates from the
ectoderm
neural crest cells form the
peripheral NS
medial hinge points are anchored to the ____________ underneath and allow for…
- notochord
- bending of the neural plate
failure of the neural plate to close leads to neural tube defects known as
spina bifida
what dietary supplements during pregnancy has proven crucial for complete closure of the neural tube?
folate
during secondary neurulation…
mesenchymal cells aggregate to form a solid neural rod that hollows out to form the neural tube
in humans, frogs, and birds most formation of the neural tube is through
primary neurulation, only the most caudal region of the tube forms through secondary neurulation
after the primary and secondary neurulation what is the first system to begin forming?
the NS
although the NS is the first to begin forming in an embryo it is not the first to
complete developing
what is the first organ in the embryo to complete developing?
the heart
